Replication Report

1. Childhood adversity → adult mental illness Replicates

The claim: Cumulative childhood adversity (the ACE dose-response) predicts more adult mental-health problems.

Best: Felitti et al. (1998), Am. J. Preventive Medicine — the ACE Study. link

Your data: Clean dose-response — the mean # of self-reported conditions climbs 1.4 → 2.0 → 2.7 → 3.3 → 4.2 from 0 to 4+ adversities. Textbook ACE gradient.

2. Childhood sexual abuse → BPD & PTSD Replicates

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse predicts borderline personality disorder, PTSD and complex PTSD in adulthood.

Best: Porter et al. (2020), Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (meta-analysis). link  ·  Backup: McLean & Gallop (2003), Am. J. Psychiatry. link

Your data: Strong dose-response. Borderline PD rises 1.7% → 14.4% from no abuse to severe; PTSD and complex PTSD climb in parallel.

3. Childhood abuse → adult revictimization Replicates

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse predicts adult sexual revictimization.

Best: Roodman & Clum (2001), Clinical Psychology Review (meta-analysis). link

Your data: The share reporting adult sexual assault climbs steeply with childhood CSA severity: 19% → 64% → 75% → 79%. Strong dose-response revictimization gradient.

4. Childhood maltreatment → insecure attachment Replicates

The claim: Childhood abuse/neglect predicts insecure adult attachment.

Best: Baer & Martinez (2006), “Child maltreatment and insecure attachment: a meta-analysis,” J. Reproductive & Infant Psychology 24(3):187–197 (meta-analysis of 8 studies; maltreated children show markedly elevated insecure/disorganized attachment). link

Your data: The share securely attached falls from 40% (no maltreatment) to 21% (3 types). Clear replication. (Maltreatment types built from neglect/physical/verbal items; absence treated as "not endorsed.")

5. Sexual assault → PTSD Replicates

The claim: Sexual assault is among the strongest predictors of PTSD.

Best: Kessler et al. (1995), Archives of General Psychiatry (National Comorbidity Survey). link

Your data: PTSD prevalence rises 5% → 12% → 23% → 41% across adult sexual-assault severity — a steep dose-response, exactly the expected pattern.

6. Childhood sexual abuse → nonconsent fantasy Supported · contested

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse is associated with later interest in nonconsent / sadomasochistic fantasy. Mixed evidence in the literature.

Best: Gewirtz-Meydan, Godbout, Canivet, Peleg-Sagy & Lafortune (2024), J. Sex & Marital Therapy 50(5):583–594. link  ·  Backup: Brown, Barker & Rahman (2020), J. Sex Research 57(6):781–811. link

Your data: Nonconsent-fantasy interest rises 1.14 → 2.04 with CSA severity — a clear positive gradient, supporting the contested claim in this sample. Interpret cautiously.

7. Childhood spanking → adult spanking interest Supported · contested

The claim: Being spanked as a child predicts adult erotic interest in spanking ("sexual imprinting"). Note: this is debated and weakly supported in the literature.

Best: No solid source links ordinary childhood spanking to adult spanking interest; the broader "early experience → BDSM interest" idea is contested. For an illustrative review see De Neef et al. (2019), Sexual Medicine — which finds higher self-reported childhood sexual abuse (not ordinary spanking) among BDSM practitioners but states the literature "does not prove a causal relationship." link

Your data: A real dose-response — erotic spanking interest rises 1.24 → 1.84 with childhood spanking frequency. Small effect, but consistent; your large N detects what small studies miss. Causality is unestablished.

8. Father absence → earlier sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Father absence in childhood predicts earlier first sex (life-history theory).

Best: Ellis et al. (2003), Child Development. link  ·  Backup: Belsky, Steinberg & Draper (1991). link

Your data: Father-absent respondents report first sex ~0.75 years earlier (16.6 vs 17.4). Direction and modest size match the literature.

9. More siblings → lower IQ Replicates

The claim: Larger sibship size predicts lower IQ (resource dilution).

Best: Downey (2001), American Psychologist. link

Your data: Mean IQ declines monotonically from 127.6 (only child) to 125.3 (6+ siblings). Small but consistent dilution gradient. (Self-reported IQ; absolute level inflated by self-selection, but the slope is what matters.)

10. Does birth order shape personality? Confound, not effect

The claim: The modern consensus is that birth order has essentially no causal effect on personality — overturning Sulloway's popular claim that later-borns are more open/rebellious.

Best: Rohrer, Egloff & Schmukle (2015), PNAS (~20k adults, null). link  ·  Backup: Damian & Roberts (2015), PNAS. link

Your data: Naively, later-borns look lower in openness (2.0 → 1.6) and conscientiousness — but this is the classic between-family confound: later-borns come from larger families (and #9 showed more siblings → lower IQ, which tracks openness). It is not age- or family-size-controlled, and the direction even contradicts Sulloway (he predicted later-borns more open). Within-family designs like Rohrer's find ~zero — so this chart is a textbook example of why you need within-family controls.

11. Childhood social class → adult IQ Mixed

The claim: Higher childhood family SES predicts higher adult IQ.

Best: von Stumm & Plomin (2015), Intelligence 48:30-36, “Socioeconomic status and the growth of intelligence from infancy through adolescence” (TEDS, n=14,853 children) — higher family SES predicts a higher childhood IQ starting point and steeper gains. link

Your data: Not the clean positive line. IQ is U-shaped across social class — ≈128 at the bottom (classes 0–1 combined for stability), dipping to ≈126 in the middle, up to ≈133 at the top: highest at the top class but also high at the bottom. Likely driven by self-reported "tested IQ" (only ~65k, heavy self-selection) and a noisy class measure. Doesn't cleanly replicate here.

12. Fraternal birth order → male homosexuality Partial · confounded full sample

The claim: Each older brother raises a man's odds of homosexuality by ~33% (the fraternal birth order effect). The magnitude is actively contested.

Best: Blanchard (2018), Archives of Sexual Behavior (meta-analysis, 26 studies). link  ·  Backup: Blanchard & Bogaert (1996), Am. J. Psychiatry. link

Your data: Partial — and instructive. We can actually pin down older brothers vs older sisters after all: for men with 1–2 siblings reported as "mostly" one sex, every sibling is that sex (a single sibling, or "mostly" of two can only be 2–0), so birth position gives the exact count of each (n=215k). The result is decisive against the fraternal-specific mechanism: each older brother raises the odds of being gay (OR 1.25 per brother, p≈1e-69) — but so does each older sister, just as strongly (OR 1.28, p≈1e-88). With exact counts, sisters work as well as brothers, so this is a general older-sibling / birth-order effect, not the brother-specific FBOE the classic literature describes. Older brothers do predict it — they're just not special — lining up with the recent family-size-confound critique.

13. Sexually repressive upbringing → later debut Replicates

The claim: Religious / sexually repressive upbringing predicts later sexual debut and fewer partners.

Best: Rostosky et al. (2004), J. Adolescent Research (review). link

Your data: Strong monotonic gradient — first sex 15.7 (most liberated) → 18.0 (most repressed), a 2.3-year spread.

14. Higher IQ → later sexual debut Weak (age-confounded)

The claim: More intelligent adolescents delay first sex ("smart teens don't have sex"). Causal status is contested.

Best: Halpern et al. (2000), J. Adolescent Health (Add Health). link

Your data: The raw pattern looks right — age at first sex rises about a year from low to high tested-IQ — but it is essentially an age artifact. Among adults the IQ↔debut-age rank correlation is +0.03 raw and −0.01 after age adjustment: within same-age people, IQ does not predict debut age. (IQ here is self-reported.) So the literature's IQ→later-debut link isn't really visible once age is handled. (Consistent in both sexes — age-adjusted ≈ 0 for each.)

15. Earlier porn exposure → earlier sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Earlier first exposure to pornography is associated with earlier sexual debut.

Best: Pathmendra et al. (2023), J Med Internet Res — systematic review. link  ·  Backup: O'Hara et al. (2012), Psychological Science. link

Your data: Strong gradient — those exposed to porn by age 10 report first sex at 15.8, vs 18.0 for those first exposed at 18+. (Both are ages, so some shared-timing confound; direction is clear.)

16. Earlier masturbation → earlier first sex Replicates

The claim: Earlier first masturbation predicts earlier first intercourse (developmental cascade).

Best: see e.g. Bancroft, J. (Ed.) (2003), Sexual Development in Childhood (Indiana University Press) — in particular the chapter on masturbation as a developmental marker, which documents the typical sequencing of solitary before partnered sexual milestones. Cited illustratively; the volume describes developmental timing of masturbation and is not a single longitudinal test of masturbation onset predicting coital onset.

Your data: Age at first sex rises with age of first masturbation (16.3 for ≤10 → 18.5 for 17+) — earlier masturbation tracks earlier debut, as the milestone literature describes.

17. Extraversion → more sexual partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Extraversion predicts more sexual partners.

Best: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin (meta-analysis, n≈420k). link  ·  Backup: Schmitt (2004), Eur. J. Personality. link

Your data: Beautifully monotonic, and it survives age-adjustment cleanly — age-adjusted mean partners climb 4.2 → 11.2 across the extraversion scale. One of the cleanest replications here.

18. Conscientiousness → fewer partners Weak / inconsistent age-adjusted

The claim: Conscientiousness predicts fewer partners / less risky sex.

Best: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin — meta-analysis (137 studies, n = 420,595): conscientiousness is negatively related to risky and uncommitted sexual behavior, including sexual infidelity (r+ = −.17) and sexual aggression (r+ = −.14). link

Your data: The raw chart showed a reversal (partners rising with conscientiousness) — but that was an age confound: within 14–34, conscientiousness rises with age, and older people have accumulated more partners. Age-adjusted, edge-binned and split by sex, the predicted negative direction shows up only at the extremes — the least conscientious report the most partners (F 7.0, M 7.2) vs the most conscientious (F 6.1, M 6.6) — but the middle is noisy and the male curve is U-shaped, so it's weak and inconsistent, not a clean replication. The dramatic raw "reversal" was an artifact; the real effect, if any, is small.

19. Agreeableness → fewer partners Weak (age-only) age-adjusted

The claim: Agreeableness predicts fewer partners / more restricted sociosexuality.

Best: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin (meta-analysis). link

Your data: Barely, only after age-adjustment, and the same story in both sexes. The raw relationship runs the wrong way — more-agreeable people report slightly more partners (Spearman +0.07 overall; +0.11 women, +0.02 men), because younger respondents are both less agreeable and less experienced. Age-adjusting flips it to weakly negative as the literature predicts, but the effect is tiny and similar across sex (age-adjusted Spearman −0.03 in women, −0.05 in men), with medians essentially flat — high-agreeableness women actually have a slightly higher median partner count (2 vs 1). So "agreeable → fewer partners" is at most a faint, age-revealed signal present weakly in both sexes, not a robust effect. Self-report, cross-sectional.

20. Openness → broader range of sexual interests Replicates

The claim: Openness to experience predicts more varied / permissive sexual interests.

Best: Magnusson, Crandall & Evans (2019), BMC Public Health — low self-control predicts earlier sexual debut (i.e. higher self-control/conscientiousness predicts later initiation). link Backup: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin — meta-analysis linking Big Five traits (incl. conscientiousness) to sexuality and sexual health. link

Your data: Kink-category breadth rises 9.2 → 10.2 across openness — modest but consistent positive gradient.

21. Narcissism → more sexual partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Narcissism predicts more partners / unrestricted sociosexuality.

Best: Schmitt et al. (2017), Psychological Topics, 26(1) (ISDP-2; N=30,470 across 53 nations). link Backup: Holtzman & Strube (2013), Evolutionary Psychology. link

Your data: Flat in the raw pooled numbers (5.66 → 5.78) — but that was an age artifact: younger respondents rate themselves more narcissistic and have had less time to accumulate partners, which suppresses the link. Age-adjust (as we do for the other partner-count findings) and split by sex, and the predicted gradient appears in both sexes: age-adjusted mean partners climb ~4.4 → 8.0 in men and ~5.3 → 7.6 in women across the narcissism scale. The single-item "I am a narcissist" is still a crude proxy, but the sociosexuality link replicates — and the sex split confirms it isn't a pooling artifact.

22. BDSM interest → healthier personality Mixed

The claim: BDSM practitioners are as psychologically healthy or healthier than non-practitioners — lower neuroticism, higher extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and wellbeing.

Best: Wismeijer & van Assen (2013), J. Sexual Medicine. link

Your data: Partly reversed. As predicted, people with strong BDSM interest score slightly higher on openness (2.00 vs 1.85) and conscientiousness (1.53 vs 1.39). But they score notably higher on neuroticism (1.92 vs 1.34) — the opposite of Wismeijer's "emotionally stable" finding — and extraversion/agreeableness are flat. The likely reason: Wismeijer compared an out, community BDSM sample to controls, whereas this is self-rated S&M interest in a kink survey, which tracks the same trauma/neurodivergence load seen elsewhere in this report rather than the well-adjusted hobbyist profile.

23. Openness → political liberalism Weak full sample

The claim: Openness to experience predicts more liberal politics.

Best: Sibley, Osborne & Duckitt (2012), J. Research in Personality (meta-analysis, N≈72k; r=−.18). link

Your data: Direction is right — more open people lean a bit more liberal — but the effect is far weaker than the meta-analytic r≈-.18 (openness↔conservatism). On the full sample (ages 14-75, n≈1.01M) the openness↔liberalism correlation is only r=+.07 (95% CI .067–.071); on the age-truncated weighted sample (14-34) it shrinks to r=+.02. The dose-response is honest above the center — liberalism climbs steadily from openness 0 up to the most-open — but there's a slight uptick at the most-closed tail, so it isn't perfectly linear. Two likely reasons it lands weak: (1) range restriction — a kink survey skews heavily liberal (only ~13% conservative; mean +1.3 on a -3…+3 scale), leaving little conservative variance to detect; and (2) age restriction — the effect is stronger in older respondents (r≈.11 for 35-75 vs ~.06 under 35), so a young sample dilutes it. Sex doesn't change the story (women r=.097, men r=.086 — consistent with the pooled, non-sex-specific literature claim). Not a clean test, but the sign matches.

24. Conscientiousness → conservatism Replicates

The claim: Conscientiousness predicts more conservative politics.

Best: Sibley, Osborne & Duckitt (2012), J. Research in Personality (r=.10). link

Your data: Mean liberalism falls from +0.53 (least conscientious) to +0.13 (most conscientious) — the expected conservative shift, and clearer than the openness effect despite the same liberal-skewed sample.

25. Neuroticism → anxious attachment Replicates

The claim: Neuroticism strongly predicts anxious / insecure adult attachment.

Best: Noftle & Shaver (2006), J. Research in Personality (r≈.52). link

Your data: Dramatic — the share with anxious attachment climbs from 7% (lowest neuroticism) to 42% (highest). One of the strongest relationships in this report.

26. Avoidant attachment → more casual sex Reversed full sample

The claim: Avoidant attachment predicts more uncommitted/casual sex; anxious attachment is more ambivalent.

Best: see e.g. Schmitt (2005), Pers. & Social Psychology Bulletin 31(6):747-768 — insecure attachment is moderately associated with short-term mating. link  ·  Backup: “No strings attached?”, Personality & Individual Differences (2019), on attachment orientation and varieties of casual sex. link

Your data: Reversed — as a partner count. The claim is that attachment avoidance predicts more unrestricted/casual sex; we proxy that with lifetime partners, and among adults the ordering runs opposite to the prediction. Secure attachment reports the most partners (mean 7.2, median 3); Avoidant reports among the fewest (mean 5.5, median 1), with Anxious (5.5) and Disorganized (6.4) in between. Avoidant people may hold more permissive casual-sex attitudes, but because they also avoid intimacy and relationships they accumulate fewer partners, not more — so on this behavioural measure the effect does not hold. (An earlier version of this card reported the opposite ordering, from a younger/uncapped sample.) Self-report, single-item attachment, cross-sectional.

27. Secure attachment → more likely partnered Replicates

The claim: Securely attached adults are more likely to be in stable committed relationships.

Best: Hazan & Shaver (1987), J. Personality & Social Psychology (seminal). link

Your data: Secure (59%) > Anxious (47%) > Disorganized (39%) > Avoidant (28%) for being in a serious/married relationship. Secure highest, avoidant lowest — textbook.

28. Men report more sexual partners than women Not seen age-balanced · full sample

The claim: Men report more lifetime sexual partners than women — the famous (and arithmetically impossible) gender discrepancy.

Best: Wiederman (1997), J. Sex Research. link  ·  Backup: Schmitt et al. (2003), J. Personality & Social Psychology. link

Your data: Doesn't replicate once you balance for age. Comparing men and women within each age band (so the result isn't driven by age composition), they report essentially the same number of partners — age-standardized 9.2 for men vs 9.4 for women (capped at 50). In the prime 22–44 bands women report slightly more; men edge ahead only among teens and the sparse, self-selected 45+ group. Why this matters: a naive pooled comparison looks male-skewed (6.0 vs 4.5), but that's itself an age-composition artifact — men in the raw sample skew older. Balanced per age, the classic gap is gone, reflecting how unusually sexually active the BKS female sample is. (Self-reported counts also carry the usual male-over / female-under-reporting noise.)

29. Women are more bisexual than men Replicates

The claim: Women are far more likely to be bisexual / sexually fluid, while men's same-sex attraction is more categorical (exclusively gay).

Best: Copen, Chandra & Febo-Vazquez (2016), Natl. Health Statistics Reports (NSFG / CDC). link  ·  Backup: Diamond (2008), Sexual Fluidity (Harvard Univ. Press). link

Your data: Strong replication. 9.5% of women identify as bisexual vs just 2.3% of men — a 4× gap. And the categorical-vs-fluid contrast holds: among same-sex-attracted people, men are proportionally more often exclusively gay (≈56% of non-straight men vs ≈33% of non-straight women).

30. Men lean dominant, women lean submissive Replicates

The claim: Men are more aroused by sexual dominance, women by submission. (A difference of degree — both themes are common in both sexes.)

Best: Joyal, Cossette & Lapierre (2015), J. Sexual Medicine. link  ·  Backup: Zurbriggen & Yost (2004), J. Sex Research. link

Your data: One of the largest sex differences in this report. Men's arousal to dominating (1.49) dwarfs women's (−0.04); women's arousal to submitting (2.06) far exceeds men's (0.66). (Both sexes lean submissive overall — submission is simply far stronger in women.)

31. Men use pornography more than women Replicates

The claim: Men consume more pornography than women.

Best: Hald (2006), Archives of Sexual Behavior. link

Your data: Men score higher on porn-viewing frequency (6.7 vs 5.4). Replicates — though the gap is smaller than general-population studies, since BKS women are unusually sexually engaged.

32. Men report higher sex drive Replicates

The claim: Men have stronger sex drive / desire than women.

Best: Baumeister, Catanese & Vohs (2001), Personality & Social Psychology Review. link

Your data: Men report higher recent horniness (2.08 vs 1.87). Direction matches; modest gap, again attenuated by a high-libido female sample.

33. Higher mate value → more partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: More physically attractive people have more sexual partners.

Best: Rhodes, Simmons & Peters (2005), Evolution & Human Behavior. link

Your data: Age-adjusted partners more than double across self-rated attractiveness (4.8 → 10.6). Strong. Note: Rhodes found the pattern differs by sex (attractiveness → short-term partners for men, long-term for women), so a sex split would add nuance here.

34. Taller men → more partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Taller men have more sexual partners / greater mating success.

Best: Nettle (2002), Human Nature. link  ·  Backup: Pawlowski et al. (2000), Nature. link

Your data: Among men, age-adjusted partners rise with height (5.1 for <5'6" → 6.9 for 6'0"+). Monotonic — replicates.

35. Higher BMI → lower self-rated attractiveness Replicates

The claim: Higher BMI predicts lower physical attractiveness, especially in women.

Best: Wang et al. (2015), PeerJ 3:e1155, "The relationship of female physical attractiveness to body fatness" — inverse linear relationship between BMI/body fatness and rated female attractiveness across 10 populations. link

Your data: Self-rated attractiveness peaks at normal weight and falls steeply with BMI for both sexes (women 0.28 → −0.99). The decline is monotonic above normal weight — strong replication, using self-rating rather than observer rating.

36. Polyamory orientation → more partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Unrestricted sociosexuality / polyamorous orientation predicts more partners.

Best: Penke & Asendorpf (2008), J. Personality & Social Psychology (SOI-R). link

Your data: Age-adjusted partners double from monogamous (5.5) to polyamorous (11.1) preference. Clean replication of the sociosexuality → behavior link.

37. ADHD → more partners & earlier debut Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: ADHD predicts earlier sexual debut and more partners / riskier sex.

Best: Flory et al. (2006), J. Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. link

Your data: Both hold — with partner count age-adjusted (ADHD respondents skew younger), those with ADHD still report more partners (7.5 vs 5.9) and earlier first sex (16.7 vs 17.4).

38. Autism → broader atypical sexual interests Replicates

The claim: Autism / autistic traits predict more atypical, paraphilic, or varied sexual interests.

Best: Schöttle et al. (2017), Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. link

Your data: Autistic respondents endorse far more uncommon kink categories (2.85 vs 1.72) — a large gap, consistent with the broader-interests finding.

39. Higher BMI → greater PMS severity Replicates (modest)

The claim: Higher BMI predicts more severe PMS.

Best: Bertone-Johnson et al. (2010), J. Women's Health (Nurses' Health Study II). link  ·  Backup: Masho et al. (2005). link

Your data: Mean PMS severity rises 1.60 → 1.72 from normal to obese-II, monotonic with tight CIs. Small effect, same direction as the prospective literature.

40. Sexual desire peaks at ovulation Replicates

The claim: Female sexual desire rises mid-cycle, around ovulation.

Best: Roney & Simmons (2013), Hormones & Behavior. link

Your data: Clear ovulatory peak — current horniness jumps to 1.49 at "Ovulating" vs ~1.18–1.24 in every other phase. Cross-sectional, but the mid-cycle bump is unmistakable.

41. Depression → lower libido Not seen

The claim: Depression reduces sexual desire.

Best: Atlantis & Sullivan (2012), J. Sexual Medicine — systematic review & meta-analysis. link  ·  Backup: Gonçalves et al. (2023), Int. J. Impotence Research — systematic review & meta-analysis. link

Your data: No effect — and it's not a sex artifact. Both depression (more common in women) and libido (higher in men) differ by sex, so this has to be split. Done properly, depression goes with slightly higher horniness within both sexes (women 1.81 → 1.95, men 2.07 → 2.13) — the opposite of the clinical claim. The likely reason: a one-off self-report ("do you have depression") is a blunt instrument for current depressive state, and self-rated "horniness" isn't clinical low desire/anhedonia. Doesn't replicate here.

42. Hormonal contraception → lower libido Not seen

The claim: The pill reduces sexual desire in some women. (The literature itself is mixed — most studies find no change.)

Best: Pastor et al. (2013), systematic review. link  ·  Backup: Zethraeus et al. (2016), RCT, JCEM. link

Your data: No reduction — women on hormonal BC report slightly higher horniness (1.29 vs 1.23). Consistent with the "mostly no effect" majority of the literature rather than the suppression hypothesis.

43. Sexual desire declines with age Partial full sample

The claim: Sexual desire / libido declines with age across the lifespan.

Best: Beutel, Stöbel-Richter & Brähler (2008), BJU International (representative, ages 18–93). link

Your data: Re-tested on the full sample (ages 14–75), not the weighted 14–34 slice the rest of the report uses. The literature describes a lifespan decline (its sample spans 18–93). In the BKS, desire actually rises through young adulthood and midlife — mean horniness climbs from 1.06 (14–17) to a peak of 1.61 at 45–54 — then turns down at 55+ (1.47). So the decline does begin to show, but late and modestly, and the older people who take a kink survey are an unusually sexual, self-selected group. Partial at best: the simple "desire falls with age" isn't what the data show across this range.

Behaviour alongside desire: Split by sex and shown next to porn-viewing frequency, the picture sharpens — desire peaks in midlife for both sexes (men higher at every age) and only dips at 55+, while porn use stays roughly flat across age for men but declines steadily in women. (The survey has no masturbation-frequency item — only age of first masturbation — so that one can't be charted.)

44. Sadism ↔ masochism co-occur Replicates

The claim: Within individuals, enjoying giving pain correlates with enjoying receiving it (not an either/or).

Best: Greitemeyer (2022), Acta Psychologica 230:103715 — finds giving and receiving sexualized pain share a "common core." link  ·  Backup: De Neef et al. (2019), Sexual Medicine — note this review finds the roles are also partly separable (~23% identify as both). link

Your data: Strong positive link (weighted r = 0.51): interest in receiving pain climbs steadily with interest in giving it. Switches are the rule, not the exception.

45. Exhibitionism ↔ voyeurism co-occur Replicates

The claim: Exhibitionistic and voyeuristic interests are positively correlated (paraphilic interests cluster).

Best: Långström & Seto (2006), Archives of Sexual Behavior (Swedish national survey). link

Your data: Strong positive link (weighted r = 0.70): interest in being watched and interest in watching rise together almost in lockstep. Among the cleanest correlations here.

46. Porn use → broader sexual interests Replicates

The claim: More pornography use is associated with a wider, more varied sexual repertoire.

Best: Herbenick, Fu, Wright, Paul, Gradus, Bauer & Jones (2020), “Diverse Sexual Behaviors and Pornography Use,” Journal of Sexual Medicine 17(4):623–633 — nationally representative; greater porn-use frequency associated with engaging in a wider range of sexual behaviors. link Backup: Sun, Bridges, Johnson & Ezzell (2016), “Pornography and the Male Sexual Script,” Archives of Sexual Behavior 45(4):983–994 (porn-shaped sexual preferences). link

Your data: Strong — kink breadth roughly doubles from light to heavy porn users (6.4 → 12.7). Direction of causality is open (does porn broaden interests, or do broad interests drive porn use?), but the association is robust.

47. Liberalism → more kinks Replicates

The claim: Political liberals have more varied sexual interests; conservatives are more sexually conventional.

Best: McDermott, Hatemi & Crabtree (2017), Personality & Individual Differences. link

Your data: Kink-category breadth rises from 8.6 (most conservative) to 12.1 (most liberal) — liberals report notably more varied interests. Replicates.

48. Religiosity → less porn use Replicates

The claim: More religious people use less pornography.

Best: Perry (2018), J. Sex Research 55(3), “Not Practicing What You Preach” — religiously committed Americans are less likely to view pornography. link  ·  Backup: Wright (2012), J. Sex Research 50(1), “U.S. Males and Pornography, 1973–2010” — religiosity negatively predicts pornography use.

Your data: Using the actual "Are you currently religious?" item, porn frequency falls cleanly with religiosity: 6.05 (not at all) → 5.84 → 5.63 → 4.36 (very devout). Replicates. Construct note: this uses the true current-religiosity question (n≈8k, recently added) — not the "religion raised in" denomination (which was flat) nor the childhood-upbringing intensity item I'd mistakenly relied on earlier; present religious commitment is what the literature is about.

49. Neuroticism → more mental illness Replicates

The claim: Neuroticism is the single strongest personality predictor of mental illness (internalizing disorders especially).

Best: Kotov, Gamez, Schmidt & Watson (2010), Psychological Bulletin (meta-analysis, 175 studies). link  ·  Backup: Lahey (2009), American Psychologist. link

Your data: A steep, clean gradient — mean number of self-reported conditions climbs 0.8 → 3.4 across the neuroticism scale (weighted r ≈ 0.39, and ≈0.34 within each sex). One of the strongest relationships in the whole report.

50. Openness → higher IQ Replicates

The claim: Openness to experience correlates positively with intelligence (r ≈ .2–.3).

Best: Ackerman & Heggestad (1997), Psychological Bulletin 121(2):219–245 (meta-analysis: Openness/typical intellectual engagement correlates positively with intelligence, r ≈ .2–.3). link  ·  Backup: DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson & Gray (2014), Journal of Personality Assessment 96(1):46–52, “Openness to Experience, Intellect, and Cognitive Ability.” link

Your data: Mean tested IQ rises 119 → 131 across openness (weighted r ≈ 0.22) — solid replication. Two caveats: the literature pins this more to the "Intellect" aspect than experiential openness, and IQ here is self-reported "tested IQ" (self-selected subsample).

51. Conscientiousness → fewer mental illnesses Replicates

The claim: Low conscientiousness is associated with more psychopathology; conscientiousness is broadly protective.

Best: Kotov, Gamez, Schmidt & Watson (2010), Psychological Bulletin. link

Your data: A modest protective gradient — self-reported conditions fall 2.6 → 1.9 from least to most conscientious (r ≈ −0.05). Small but in the predicted direction and consistent within both sexes.

52. Neuroticism is higher in women Replicates

The claim: Women score higher than men on neuroticism (the largest Big Five sex difference, d ≈ .3–.5).

Best: Costa, Terracciano & McCrae (2001), J. Personality & Social Psychology (26 cultures). link  ·  Backup: Schmitt, Realo, Voracek & Allik (2008), JPSP (55 cultures). link

Your data: Women score markedly higher (2.4 vs 0.7; d ≈ 0.5) — squarely in the classic sex-difference range.

53. Agreeableness is higher in women Replicates

The claim: Women score higher than men on agreeableness (d ≈ .3–.5).

Best: Costa, Terracciano & McCrae (2001), J. Personality & Social Psychology. link

Your data: Women higher (2.7 vs 2.2; d ≈ 0.2) — same direction as the literature, a bit smaller than the neuroticism gap.

54. Taller people → higher IQ Replicates (small)

The claim: Height correlates positively with intelligence (small, r ≈ .1–.2, partly within-sex).

Best: Case & Paxson (2008), J. Political Economy ("Stature and status"). link  ·  Backup: Silventoinen et al. (2006), Genes, Brain and Behavior. link

Your data: A small positive height–IQ slope shows up within each sex (≈124 → 129 in men). Worth splitting: men are both taller and report higher tested IQ, so the pooled correlation (r ≈ .10) overstates it; within-sex it's ≈.06, matching the genuinely small effect in the literature.

55. Depression ↔ anxiety co-occur Replicates

The claim: Depression and anxiety are highly comorbid — they co-occur far above chance.

Best: Kessler et al. (2005), Archives of General Psychiatry (National Comorbidity Survey-R). link

Your data: 75% of people with depression also report anxiety, vs 42% overall — the textbook internalizing comorbidity.

56. Autism ↔ ADHD co-occur Replicates

The claim: ADHD is the most common condition co-occurring with autism.

Best: Lai et al. (2019), The Lancet Psychiatry (meta-analysis of autism comorbidity). link

Your data: 64% of autistic respondents also have ADHD, vs 34% overall — exactly the dominant co-occurrence the literature describes.

57. Autism → higher anxiety Replicates

The claim: Anxiety disorders are substantially elevated in autistic people.

Best: Lai et al. (2019), The Lancet Psychiatry. link

Your data: 61% of autistic respondents report anxiety, vs 42% overall — the elevated-anxiety pattern replicates.

58. Anxiety & depression are higher in women Replicates

The claim: Women have ~1.5–2× the rates of anxiety and depressive disorders (the internalizing sex difference).

Best: McLean et al. (2011), J. Psychiatric Research. link  ·  Backup: Salk, Hyde & Abramson (2017), Psychological Bulletin. link

Your data: Both clearly higher in women — anxiety 57% vs 27%, depression 45% vs 26%. Textbook internalizing sex difference.

59. Borderline is more common in women Replicates · contested

The claim: BPD is diagnosed far more often in women (~3:1 clinically). Contested: community samples find near-equal prevalence, so the clinical ratio may reflect help-seeking / diagnostic bias.

Best: Skodol & Bender (2003), Psychiatric Quarterly. link  ·  Backup (contests it): Grant et al. (2008), J. Clinical Psychiatry. link

Your data: Women self-report borderline at ~3.7× the male rate (5.2% vs 1.4%) — echoing the clinical pattern. But this is self-identification, not a clinical diagnosis, so it can't separate genuinely higher prevalence from women being readier to self-label as borderline — it echoes the debate rather than settling it.

60. Eating disorders are more common in women Replicates

The claim: Eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia) are far more common in women than men.

Best: Hudson, Hiripi, Pope & Kessler (2007), Biological Psychiatry (NCS-R). link

Your data: A strong female skew — anorexia 4.6% vs 0.7%, bulimia 2.9% vs 0.3% (roughly 6:1). Textbook eating-disorder sex difference. (An earlier version of this card tried to use a social-anxiety field that turned out to be empty in the data — caught and replaced.)

61. Childhood sexual abuse → earlier sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse predicts earlier age at first intercourse.

Best: Noll, Trickett & Putnam (2003), J. Consulting & Clinical Psychology (10-yr prospective; abused females had younger age at first voluntary intercourse, ~14 vs ~15.5, p=.0002). link  ·  Backup: Noll, Shenk & Putnam (2009), J. Pediatric Psychology 34:366 (meta-analytic update; CSA → adolescent pregnancy). link

Your data: A strong, steep gradient that's nearly identical in both sexes — mean age at first sex falls from ~17.5 (no abuse) to ~14.5 (severe), about three years earlier. Clean replication.

62. Childhood adversity → higher adult BMI Replicates

The claim: Childhood adversity (ACEs) predicts higher adult BMI / obesity.

Best: Felitti et al. (1998), Am. J. Preventive Medicine (the ACE Study). link  ·  Backup: Danese & Tan (2014), Molecular Psychiatry (meta-analysis, 41 studies, OR ≈ 1.36). link

Your data: Mean BMI rises with the adversity index in both sexes — women 27.3 → 30.0 and men 26.0 → 27.9 from 0 to 4 adversities. Modest but monotonic, matching the ACE–obesity dose-response.

63. Religious upbringing → political conservatism Replicates

The claim: More religious people are more politically conservative (strongest on social issues).

Best: see e.g. Malka, Lelkes, Srivastava, Cohen & Miller (2012), Political Psychology 33(2), 275–299, on the religiosity–conservatism association (and how political engagement moderates it). link Backup: Layman & Carmines (1997), Journal of Politics — religiosity tracks conservatism most strongly on cultural/social issues (abortion, homosexuality, moral traditionalism).

Your data: Mean liberalism falls steadily — +0.33 → +0.21 → +0.08 → +0.03 — as the religious intensity of the childhood upbringing rises, the predicted conservative shift. Construct note: the only religiosity measure that overlaps the politics items is upbringing intensity (how much one's childhood culture emphasized internal religious adherence), not current religiosity — so read this as "religious upbringing → adult conservatism," which is itself well-established.

64. Women are more religious than men Not seen

The claim: Women are more religious than men — one of the most robust findings in the psychology of religion.

Best: Miller & Stark (2002), American Journal of Sociology 107(6), 1399–1423, “Gender and Religiousness: Can Socialization Explanations Be Saved?” link  ·  Backup: Pew Research Center (2016), The Gender Gap in Religion Around the World. link

Women are raised more religiously than men at every age (left panel), but by adulthood the gap is gone — present-day religiosity shows no female advantage (right). The classic “women are more religious” pattern is a childhood-upbringing effect, not a current-belief one. (BKS unweighted; upbringing n = 696K, present n = 17.6K, item added 2025-09; shaded 95% CI; non-religious upbringing scored 0.)

Your data: Not seen — it slightly reverses here. On the actual "Are you religious now?" item (0–3), men score marginally higher than women (0.65 vs 0.60; n≈17,760) — the opposite of the textbook female-religiosity gap. The one place women lead is upbringing: they were raised more religious (1.46 vs 1.31 on the 0–4 childhood item), but that early gap doesn't carry into adult religiosity in this sample. (An earlier version of this card reported women higher on current religiosity — that was a computation error.) The likely reason the classic gap vanishes: this is a heavily secular, liberal, self-selected sample with little religious variance. Self-report, cross-sectional.

65. Higher IQ → more liberal Replicates (weak)

The claim: Higher intelligence predicts more socially liberal attitudes (small effect, mostly social rather than economic).

Best: Deary, Batty & Gale (2008), Psychological Science ("Bright children become enlightened adults"). link  ·  Backup: Kanazawa (2010), Social Psychology Quarterly. link

Your data: Mean liberalism climbs from −0.02 (IQ <100) to +0.20 (IQ 130+) — a small but consistent shift toward liberal, in the predicted direction. (Self-reported IQ.)

66. Openness → less religious Not seen full sample

The claim: Openness predicts lower religiosity. The established effect is itself small and direction-dependent (openness relates negatively to fundamentalism but positively to "quest"/spiritual religiosity).

Best: Saroglou (2002), Personality & Individual Differences (meta-analysis). link  ·  Backup: Saroglou (2010), Pers. & Social Psychology Review. link

Your data: If anything reversed — on the true current-religiosity item (full raw sample, n≈18k), religiosity nudges up with openness (0.52 at low openness → 0.65 at high). Not the predicted negative link, but fully consistent with the literature's point that open people lean toward exploratory/"quest" religiosity rather than away from religion wholesale.

67. Religiosity → fewer sexual partners Weak full sample

The claim: More religious people have fewer sexual partners / more restricted sexual behavior.

Best: Regnerus & Uecker (2011), Premarital Sex in America (Oxford Univ. Press). link Backup: Hagen, Thompson & Williams (2018), “Religiosity Reduces Sexual Aggression and Coercion in a Longitudinal Cohort of College Men,” J. for the Scientific Study of Religion — greater religiosity prospectively predicted less promiscuity. link

Your data: Weak, and concentrated at one extreme. More-religious respondents do report slightly fewer partners, but it is small: on current religiosity the median drops from 2 (non/low) to 1 (very devout) while the age-adjusted rank correlation is only −0.02 (−0.05 on the upbringing item). The direction matches the literature but the effect is driven mainly by the small very-devout group; across most of the range it is flat — and the weak negative is concentrated in women (age-adjusted −0.04, vs ≈0 in men on current religiosity). Self-report, cross-sectional, heavily secular sample.

68. OCD ↔ anxiety co-occur Replicates

The claim: OCD is highly comorbid with anxiety disorders. (Nosologically, DSM-5 moved OCD into its own OC-spectrum chapter, but the empirical comorbidity is robust.)

Best: Ruscio, Stein, Chiu & Kessler (2010), Molecular Psychiatry (NCS-R). link

Your data: 72% of people with OCD also report anxiety, vs 42% overall — the expected strong comorbidity.

69. Bipolar ↔ ADHD co-occur Replicates

The claim: Bipolar disorder and ADHD are highly comorbid, with shared genetic/familial basis.

Best: Schiweck et al. (2021), Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (meta-analysis, 71 studies). link  ·  Backup: Faraone, Biederman & Wozniak (2012), Am. J. Psychiatry. link

Your data: 63% of people with bipolar I also report ADHD, vs 34% overall — the elevated comorbidity replicates.

70. PTSD ↔ depression co-occur Replicates

The claim: PTSD and depression are highly comorbid (likely shared diathesis), roughly half of PTSD cases have comorbid depression.

Best: Kessler et al. (1995), Archives of General Psychiatry (National Comorbidity Survey). link

Your data: 75% of people with PTSD also report depression, vs 35% overall — a strong comorbidity.

71. Borderline PD ↔ PTSD co-occur Replicates

The claim: Borderline personality disorder and PTSD are highly comorbid (both trauma-linked).

Best: Pagura et al. (2010), J. Psychiatric Research (NESARC). link

Your data: 36% of people with borderline PD also report PTSD, vs 9% overall — a 4× elevation, matching the literature.

72. Childhood sexual abuse → complex PTSD Replicates

The claim: Complex PTSD is specifically tied to prolonged/repeated childhood trauma, so CSA should predict it strongly.

Best: Cloitre et al. (2013), Eur. J. Psychotraumatology. link

Your data: A steep dose-response — complex-PTSD prevalence climbs 2% → 8% → 14% → 25% across CSA severity. Exactly the gradient the CPTSD construct predicts.

73. Body dysmorphia by sex Diverges

The claim: Body dysmorphic disorder is — per population studies — roughly equal by sex (only a slight female excess), unlike most appearance-related disorders.

Best: Buhlmann et al. (2010), Psychiatry Research 178(1):171-5 (German nationwide survey, N=2,510; BDD ~1.9% women vs ~1.4% men). link

Your data: Diverges from the literature. Where representative samples find rough parity, BKS shows a strong female skew — 20.7% of women vs 6.7% of men report having BDD (~3:1). Likely a sample effect (kink-survey women report far more conditions across the board), so read the levels with caution; the sex ratio here is not what population data show.

74. Antisocial PD is higher in men Replicates

The claim: Antisocial personality disorder / psychopathy is more common in men (~3:1).

Best: Compton et al. (2005), Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (NESARC) — antisocial syndromes significantly more common in men. link Backup: Alegria et al. (2013), Personality Disorders: Theory, Research & Treatment (NESARC, sex differences in ASPD). link

Your data: Men report antisocial PD / sociopathy at twice the rate of women (1.8% vs 0.9%) — the male preponderance replicates, and it's one of the few conditions that skews male in this sample.

75. PTSD is higher in women Replicates

The claim: Women have ~2× the odds of PTSD vs men, despite lower overall trauma exposure.

Best: Tolin & Foa (2006), Psychological Bulletin 132(6):959–992 (meta-analysis, 25 years of research). link

Your data: Women report PTSD at 13.6% vs men's 5.3% — about 2.6×, squarely in the meta-analytic range.

76. Sexual minorities → more mental illness Replicates

The claim: Gay, lesbian and bisexual people have higher rates of mental illness than heterosexuals (minority stress) — and bisexuals often fare worst of all ("bisexual disadvantage").

Best: King et al. (2008), BMC Psychiatry (meta-analysis). link  ·  Backup: Ross et al. (2018), J. Sex Research (bisexual disadvantage). link

Your data: Mean # of self-reported conditions: straight 1.95, gay/lesbian 3.19, bisexual 3.65 — non-straight people report far more mental illness, and bisexuals the most, matching both the minority-stress and bisexual-disadvantage findings.

77. Borderline PD → more sexual partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Borderline PD is associated with impulsive sexuality and more partners.

Best: Sansone & Sansone (2011), "Sexual behavior in borderline personality: a review," Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience 8(2):14–18 (review). link

Your data: Age-adjusted mean partners 10.5 (borderline PD) vs 6.3 (not) — a large impulsive-sexuality gap, as the review describes.

78. Bipolar → more sexual partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Bipolar disorder is associated with hypersexuality (esp. in manic/hypomanic states) and more partners.

Best: Kopeykina et al. (2016), J. Affective Disorders (review). link

Your data: Age-adjusted mean partners 9.4 (bipolar I) vs 6.4 (not) — consistent with the hypersexuality literature (though "hypersexuality" is defined inconsistently across studies).

79. Antisocial traits → more sexual partners Sex-dependent (men) full sample

The claim: Psychopathy / Dark-Triad traits predict unrestricted sociosexuality and more partners (short-term mating strategy).

Best: Jonason, Li, Webster & Schmitt (2009), “The Dark Triad: Facilitating a short-term mating strategy in men,” European Journal of Personality, 23(1), 5–18. link

Your data: Sex-dependent — real in men, not women. Pooled, the median partner count looks identical (2 vs 2) — which on its own looks like a mean artifact — but that pools a large female majority showing no effect (median 2 vs 2; cap-50 5.4 vs 5.8) with men who genuinely do: men reporting antisocial/sociopathic traits have a higher median (3 vs 2) and cap-50 mean (9.1 vs 6.8) than other men. So the unrestricted short-term-mating pattern shows up where the literature centres it — in men — but doesn't generalise to women here, and stays modest. Self-report (not clinical), cross-sectional.

80. Openness → more sexual partners Age artifact age-adjusted

The claim: Openness to experience predicts more sexual partners. (The weakest of the Big-Five mating links.)

Best: Schmitt & Shackelford (2008), Evolutionary Psychology (46 nations). link

Your data: Essentially an age artifact. Raw, more-open people do report more partners (Spearman +0.14 among adults; means ~5.8 → ~6.8) — but that almost entirely reflects age: older adults are both somewhat more open and have more partners. Adjusting for age within adults collapses the rank correlation to +0.01 (median flat at 1–2 partners across the whole openness range). So in this sample openness is essentially unrelated to partner count once age is handled — at most consistent with openness being a weak, inconsistent mating predictor, but here there's no real effect to see.

81. Bisexual people report the most kink Replicates

The claim: Bisexual / non-monosexual people report more varied sexual interests than heterosexuals.

Best: Richters et al. (2008), J. Sexual Medicine — Australian national survey (N=19,307); past-year BDSM engagement 14.2% among bisexual vs 1.8% overall. link  ·  Backup: Lehmiller (2018), Tell Me What You Want (US fantasy survey, N≈4,175) — non-monosexual respondents report more varied fantasies.

Your data: Mean kink categories: straight 9.2, gay/lesbian 10.4, bisexual 12.1 — bisexual respondents endorse the widest range, as the varied-interests literature suggests.

82. Cuckolding interest is higher in men Replicates

The claim: Cuckolding / partner-sharing fantasies are more common in men than women.

Best: Lehmiller (2018), Tell Me What You Want (Da Capo; popular survey of 4,175 US adults).  ·  Backup: Joyal, Cossette & Lapierre (2015), “What Exactly Is an Unusual Sexual Fantasy?”, J. Sexual Medicine 12(2):328–340. link

Your data: 11.7% of men vs 8.1% of women find cuckolding erotic — men higher, as reported (Lehmiller's survey found a similar male skew). The best published figure is from a popular book, so treat the magnitude loosely; the direction is well supported.

83. Romance is a bigger erotic theme for women Replicates

The claim: Women's eroticism is more relational/romantic; affection and romance feature more in women's fantasies than men's.

Best: Leitenberg & Henning (1995), Psychological Bulletin (classic review). link

Your data: 55.6% of women vs 45.4% of men find romance erotic — women lean more romantic, matching the relational-eroticism finding.

84. Dominance ↔ sadism, submission ↔ masochism Replicates

The claim: Paraphilic interests cohere — arousal to dominating tracks sadism (giving pain), arousal to submitting tracks masochism (receiving pain).

Best: Schippers, Smid, Huckelba, Hoogsteder, Beekman & Smit (2021), Journal of Sexual Medicine 18(9):1615–1631 — factor analysis of unusual sexual interests yielding distinct, coherent "submission/masochism" and "dominance/sadism" factors. link Backup: Schippers, Smid, Hoogsteder & de Vogel (2024), Sexual Abuse — replication of the same factor structure in a representative population sample.

Your data: Interest in giving pain rises steadily with arousal to dominating (r = 0.27), and interest in receiving pain rises with arousal to submitting (r = 0.29) — the predicted role coherence.

85. Openness → social (not economic) liberalism Replicates

The claim: Openness predicts the social/cultural liberal dimension specifically, more than economic liberalism.

Best: Malka, Soto, Inzlicht & Lelkes (2014), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 106(6):1031–1051 — the openness/security-needs dimension predicts cultural (social) conservatism specifically, while running the opposite way on economic attitudes. link Backup: Gerber, Huber, Doherty, Dowling & Ha (2010), American Political Science Review 104(1):111–133 — Big Five traits relate to economic vs. social attitudes differently across issue domains. link

Your data: Social liberalism rises with openness (r ≈ 0.05) while economic liberalism is flat (r ≈ −0.01) — openness tracks the social axis, not the economic one, exactly as predicted.

86. Conscientiousness → less porn Replicates (weak)

The claim: Lower conscientiousness predicts more (problematic) pornography use. (Conscientiousness is a minor predictor; neuroticism is stronger.)

Best: Bőthe et al. (2019), Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. link

Your data: Porn frequency drifts down with conscientiousness (r ≈ −0.05) — the predicted direction, but small, consistent with conscientiousness being a weak correlate.

87. Conservatism → fewer partners Not seen full sample

The claim: Political conservatism predicts fewer sexual partners / more restricted sexual behavior.

Best: Hatemi, Crabtree & McDermott (2017), “The relationship between sexual preferences and political orientations,” Personality & Individual Differences, 105, 318–325. link

Your data: Essentially flat — no real link either way. The literature says conservatism predicts a more restricted sex life and fewer partners. We don't see that — but nor (despite an earlier version of this card) is there a credible reversal. Partner counts are extremely right-skewed (most people report 1, a long tail report dozens), so the mean is treacherous here. By the robust measures the relationship is ~zero: the median lifetime partner count is 1 for conservatives, centrists and liberals alike, and even the mean (capped at 50) is flat — conservatives 5.3 vs liberals 5.2, with centrists actually lowest (4.7). The rank (Spearman) correlation with liberalism is +0.06 on the well-powered social/economic-liberalism scale (n≈1.0M) but −0.02 on a single self-placement item (n≈58k) — it flips sign depending on which measure you use, and both are within noise. An earlier pass of this card reported a small "conservatives have more" reversal; that was an artifact of taking the mean (with a generous outlier cap) on the weaker measure, where a few very-high-count people in the small conservative cell pull its average up. Bottom line: in this heavily-liberal, kink-skewed sample, political orientation and partner count are basically unrelated — the conservative-restriction effect doesn't appear, and neither does a real reversal.

88. Gender-diverse → more mental illness Replicates

The claim: Transgender and nonbinary people report much higher rates of mental illness than cisgender people (gender minority stress).

Best: Klinger et al. (2024), Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health. link  ·  Theory: Meyer (2003), Psychological Bulletin. link

Your data: Gender-diverse people report ~2x more mental-health conditions: weighted means cis 1.95, nonbinary 4.37, trans 4.46 (n≈481k). The gap survives natal-sex matching — e.g. trans women 4.06 vs cis men 1.60 (2.5x), NB-AFAB 4.68 vs cis women 2.74 (1.7x) — so it is not merely a sex confound. Conditions are self-reported (moderate-to-severe, undiagnosed), consistent with minority stress.

89. Gender-diverse → much more autism Replicates

The claim: Autism is far more common among transgender/gender-diverse people (the autism–gender-diversity link).

Best: Warrier et al. (2020), Nature Communications (5 datasets, N≈642k). link

Your data: Self-reported (moderate-to-severe) autism is ~5–6x more common in gender-diverse people: cis 7.9% vs nonbinary 38.4% vs trans 46.7% (weighted). The link survives a birth-sex split: cis rates are near-identical by sex (M 8.7%, F 7.0%) and the elevation holds within every gender category regardless of natal sex, so it is not a male-skew artifact. Self-report, not clinical diagnosis.

90. Gender-diverse → more kink Replicates

The claim: Gender-diverse people report more varied sexual interests / kink than cisgender people. (Weakly established in the literature — present as suggestive.)

Best: Brown, Barker, Friedrich & Rahman (2026), “A Survey of the United Kink-dom,” Journal of Sex Research 63(3):412–430 — in this UK survey of paraphilic-interest groups, over 25% of participants identified as non-cisgender, and groups were more likely to hold non-cisgender identities. link (single survey; suggestive)

Your data: Gender-diverse respondents endorse markedly more kink categories: weighted-mean 9.2 (cis) vs 12.9 (nonbinary) and 13.4 (trans), n=481k. The gap survives a birth-sex split (within both AMAB and AFAB strata, cis ≈9 vs gender-diverse 12–15), so it is not a sex-composition artifact. The in-sample effect is clean and large; the external literature remains only suggestive.

91. Gender-diverse → mostly non-heterosexual Replicates

The claim: Transgender/nonbinary people are predominantly not heterosexual.

Best: Reisner, Choi, Herman, Bockting, Krueger & Meyer (2023), "Sexual orientation in transgender adults in the United States," BMC Public Health 23:1799. link

Your data: Gender-diverse respondents skew strongly non-heterosexual: weighted %non-straight is 6.8% for cis vs 60.7% nonbinary and 40.4% trans (n≈482k). Robust to weighting (cis raw 17.8%→6.8%; NB/trans nearly unchanged). Caveat: only nonbinary clear a majority; trans are a large minority (~6× the cis rate but not "most"). The orientation item is partly defined relative to sex/gender.

92. Boys masturbate earlier than girls Not seen

The claim: Boys begin masturbating at a younger age than girls.

Best: Leitenberg, Detzer & Srebnik (1993), Archives of Sexual Behavior (by age 15, ~91% of males vs ~34% of females had masturbated). link  ·  Backup: Bancroft, Herbenick & Reynolds (2003), in Bancroft (ed.) Sexual Development in Childhood.

Your data: Not seen — onset is essentially equal. Age at first masturbation is nearly identical by sex: men 11.72, women 11.82 (a 0.1-year gap), with both medians at 12 (n≈1.04M). The literature's clear "boys earlier" pattern (often a year or more) does not appear here. (An earlier version of this card reported boys ~0.6 years earlier — that gap was an artifact of a different/unfiltered sample.) Self-report, retrospective, cross-sectional, kink-skewed sample.

93. Sexual interests crystallize in adolescence Replicates

The claim: Paraphilic/sexual interests have onset during adolescence (a sensitive period; most before adulthood).

Best: Abel & Rouleau (1990), “The Nature and Extent of Sexual Assault,” in Handbook of Sexual Assault (Marshall, Laws & Barbaree, Eds.).  ·  Backup: Thibaut et al. (2016), WFSBP guidelines, World J. Biol. Psychiatry — summarizes data on adolescent onset of deviant arousal. link

Your data: Across 29 fetish categories, median self-reported onset is age 15 and 84% of onsets fall before adulthood. Robust to per-respondent and weighted estimation and holds in both sexes (median 15 each). Sexual interests appear to crystallize in adolescence — though this is recall-based and the "critical-period" mechanism remains theoretical.

94. Childhood adversity → earlier sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Childhood adversity (harsh/unpredictable environment) predicts earlier sexual debut — life-history theory.

Best: Belsky, Schlomer & Ellis (2012), Developmental Psychology 48(3):662-673. link Backup: Simpson, Griskevicius, Kuo, Sung & Collins (2012), Developmental Psychology 48(3):674-686.

Your data: Age at first penetrative sex falls monotonically across a 5-item childhood-adversity index: 17.5 → 17.3 → 16.9 → 16.4 → 16.0 (adv0 to adv4, weighted). The gradient holds within both sexes (male 17.6→16.1; female 17.3→16.0), so it is not a sex-composition artifact — consistent with life-history theory.

95. Childhood adversity → more sexual partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Childhood adversity predicts more sexual partners / a faster life-history strategy.

Best: Simpson, Griskevicius, Kuo, Sung & Collins (2012), Developmental Psychology 48(2), 674–686 — early-childhood (ages 0–5) unpredictability predicted a faster life-history strategy, including more sexual partners by age 23. link Backup: Belsky, Schlomer & Ellis (2012), Developmental Psychology 48(3), 662–673.

Your data: Age-adjusted partner count rises monotonically across the adversity index, ~5.8 (adv0) → ~8.9 (adv4). The gradient holds within both sexes (male and female both climb steeply), so it isn't a sex-composition artifact — consistent with a faster life-history strategy. (Index is constructed, so exact endpoints depend on the recipe; the monotonic rise is robust.)

96. Father absence → more sexual partners Weak / partial full sample

The claim: Father absence predicts more partners / faster reproduction. The meta-analytic effect is small and partly confounded.

Best: Webster et al. (2014), Evolutionary Psychology — meta-analysis of father absence and age at menarche in daughters (33 studies, N≈70,403; weighted r=.14). The "more partners / faster reproduction" extension comes from the broader life-history literature (Ellis 2003; Quinlan 2003), which is itself predominantly female-focused. link

Your data: Father-absent respondents report more lifetime partners, and the gap survives age-adjustment and a sex-split. On the full unweighted sample (ages 14–75, n≈1.06M), age-adjusted partner counts are 6.6 vs 5.5 (absent vs present), a gap of ~1.1 partners (p≈10⁻³¹³). Sex-split (age-adjusted): men 8.5 vs 6.8 (+1.6), women 5.6 vs 4.7 (+0.9) — both highly significant, so it isn't a sex-confound artifact. Two honest caveats: the absolute gap is small (~1 partner), and the effect is actually larger in men in our data, whereas the cited literature is about earlier menarche in daughters specifically and the partner-count extension has historically focused on females. Directionally consistent with the life-history framework, but modest in magnitude and not a one-to-one test of the cited menarche meta-analysis.

97. Childhood adversity → broader kink interests Replicates

The claim: Childhood trauma/adversity predicts more paraphilic or varied sexual interests. (Smaller, correlational literature.)

Best: Longpré, Galiano & Guay (2022), J. Criminal Justice. link

Your data: Kink breadth rises monotonically with the childhood-adversity index, ~8.8 (adv0) → ~11.2 (adv4) categories (weighted). The dose-response holds within both sexes (Spearman r ≈ 0.17), so it isn't a sex-composition artifact. Correlational, and consistent with the (tentative) literature.

98. Repressive upbringing → sexual shame Weak

The claim: Sexually repressive / religious "purity culture" upbringing predicts more adult sexual shame.

Best: Muskrat et al. (2025), The Counseling Psychologist. link

Your data: Self-reported shame about one's own arousal rises monotonically with a repressive upbringing — weighted mean climbs from ~0.26 (highly liberated) to ~0.59 (highly repressed) on a −3…+3 scale. The direction is robust and survives a sex-split (stronger in men), but the overall linear correlation is small (r ≈ 0.05), so call it a clear-but-weak purity-culture effect.

99. Childhood sexual abuse → sexual shame Replicates

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse predicts adult sexual shame/guilt.

Best: MacGinley, Breckenridge & Mowll (2019), Health & Social Care in the Community (review). link

Your data: Shame about one's arousal climbs monotonically with CSA severity: weighted mean 0.42 (none) → 0.65 → 0.73 → 0.87 (severe). The gradient survives a sex-split (clean in women; rising but noisier in men). Large Ns. A clear replication, though the absolute shift is moderate on the −3…+3 scale.

100. Extraversion → earlier sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Extraversion predicts earlier sexual debut.

Best: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin 144(10):1081–1110, meta-analysis of Big Five & sexuality (extraversion linked to greater/earlier sexual activity). link Backup: see e.g. Martin, Eysenck & colleagues and later reviews reporting a negative association between extraversion and age at first intercourse (earlier debut).

Your data: Extraverts report earlier first intercourse: strong introverts debut at 17.5 vs strong extraverts at 16.7 (weighted). The association is small but robust (r ≈ −0.075) and holds within both sexes (men steeper), so it isn't a sex-pooling artifact.

101. Conscientiousness → later sexual debut Weak (age-confounded)

The claim: Conscientiousness / self-control predicts later sexual debut (delayed initiation).

Best: Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin. link

Your data: The raw direction is right (more conscientious → slightly later debut) but it is age-confounded: among adults the rank correlation is +0.04 raw and +0.006 after age adjustment — essentially zero within same-age people. Conscientiousness here is also a thin 2-item score. So the predicted later-debut effect does not hold once age is handled. (Same near-zero in both sexes.)

102. Submission more common than dominance Replicates full sample

The claim: Sexual submission interests are more common than dominance ones. (The literature flags this as sex-dependent.)

Best: Joyal, Cossette & Lapierre (2015), J. Sexual Medicine. link

Your data: Submitting is reported more often than dominating, and — matching the original study — this holds for both sexes, not just women. On the full sample (ages 14–75, n≈1.04M): women are aroused by submitting far more than dominating (90% vs 55% at least slightly agree), and men report submitting fractionally more than dominating too (72% vs 72% — essentially tied, sub edges it). Pooled, 83% endorse submission vs 61% dominance. Joyal et al. found the same ordering with no significant sex difference, so this is a clean replication. Caveat: the male gap is a near-tie, and our earlier “men lean dominant” read was an artifact of the younger weighted sample (ages 14–34), where young men do skew dominant (80% dom vs 62% sub); across the full adult age range that reversal disappears. Self-report of arousal, cross-sectional.

103. Masochism more common than sadism Reverses in men

The claim: Masochism (enjoying receiving pain) is more common than sadism (enjoying giving pain).

Best: Joyal & Carpentier (2017), J. Sex Research 54(2):161–171. link  ·  Backup: Brown, Barker & Rahman (2020), J. Sex Research (BDSM scoping review).

Your data: Pooled, interest in receiving pain (1.01) exceeds giving pain (0.76), so masochism > sadism overall. But it reverses by sex: in men, giving pain (0.87) outscores receiving (0.57) — sadism wins — while in women receiving (1.48) dwarfs giving (0.66). The headline holds only because women drive the average.

104. Cross-dressing interest higher in men Replicates

The claim: Cross-dressing / transvestic interest is far more common in men than women.

Best: Långström & Zucker (2005), J. Sex & Marital Therapy (Swedish national sample). link

Your data: Men are ~2x more likely to find cross-dressing erotic: weighted 13.5% (men) vs 6.5% (women), n≈482k. The gap is robust unweighted too (21.6% vs 11.5%, highly significant). Transvestic interest skews strongly male, replicating Långström & Zucker.

105. Taller men rate themselves more attractive Replicates

The claim: Taller men have higher mate value / rate themselves (and are rated) more attractive. (Effect is culturally variable.)

Best: Buunk, Fernández & Muñoz-Reyes (2019), Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences 13(1):93–100. link  ·  Backup: Stulp, Buunk & Pollet (2013), Personality & Individual Differences.

Your data: Among men, self-rated attractiveness rises with height: short (<5'8") −0.27 → tall (6ft+) +0.27 on a −3/+3 scale (r ≈ 0.12). The pattern is male-specific — women show near-flat r ≈ 0.03, with the tallest rating themselves slightly lower — consistent with male height as mate value (effect culturally variable).

106. Older people are more likely partnered Replicates

The claim: Older adults are more likely to be in a committed/married relationship (life-course).

Best: Pew Research Center (2019), The Landscape of Marriage and Cohabitation in the U.S. link

Your data: The share in a serious/married relationship rises monotonically with age: 33% (14–19) → 43% → 52% → 59% (30–34). The slope holds in both sexes. A clean life-course regularity — though the weighted sample is topcoded at 34, so only the young-adult ramp is observed.

107. Religious upbringing → later sexual debut Replicates

The claim: Religious upbringing predicts later sexual debut.

Best: Landor et al. (2011), J. Youth & Adolescence, 40(3), 296–309. link

Your data: Mean age at first penetrative sex climbs monotonically with the intensity of one's religious upbringing: 17.0 at "not at all important" rising to 18.2 at "absolutely essential" — a ~1.3-year delay. The gradient holds within both sexes (men 17.3→18.6; women 16.6→18.0). Uses the childhood-upbringing internal-adherence measure.

108. Eating disorders ↔ anxiety co-occur Replicates

The claim: Eating disorders are highly comorbid with anxiety disorders.

Best: Kaye, Bulik, Thornton, Barbarich & Masters (2004), American Journal of Psychiatry. link

Your data: Replicates strongly. Weighted, 78.2% of respondents reporting anorexia also report anxiety, versus 41.6% of everyone (relative risk 1.88; n=23,161 with anorexia). The lift holds in both sexes (Female 57.3%→79.4%; Male 26.6%→70.1%), so it is not a sex-composition artifact, though both items share self-report. Kaye et al. (2004) similarly found ~two-thirds of eating-disorder patients have a lifetime anxiety disorder.

109. Body dysmorphia ↔ eating disorders co-occur Replicates

The claim: Body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders are highly comorbid.

Best: Ruffolo, Phillips, Menard, Fay & Weisberg (2006), International Journal of Eating Disorders. link

Your data: Replicates. Among the 86,600 respondents who report body dysmorphia, 11.8% also report anorexia versus 2.6% of everyone — a 4.5x elevation, with non-overlapping CIs. The relationship is bidirectional (61% of anorexia reporters also report body dysmorphia) and survives a sex-split (RR 3.0x in women, 7.7x in men). This mirrors Ruffolo et al. (2006), who found ~60% of eating-disorder patients screen positive for BDD.

110. OCD ↔ eating disorders co-occur Replicates

The claim: OCD is strongly comorbid with eating disorders.

Best: Drakes et al. (2021), Journal of Psychiatric Research. link

Your data: Replicates. Among respondents reporting anorexia, 23.3% also report OCD versus a 9.0% baseline — a 2.6x elevation. The pattern holds within both sexes (females 11.5%→23.6%, males 6.6%→21.2%), so it isn't a sex-composition artifact. This matches the clinical literature: Drakes et al.'s meta-analysis found ~13.9% lifetime OCD prevalence in eating disorders. (Self-reported moderate-to-severe conditions, not diagnoses.)

111. Autism ↔ OCD co-occur Replicates

The claim: Autism and OCD are highly comorbid: each substantially elevates the reported rate of the other.

Best: Aymerich et al. (2024), Brain Sciences 14(4):379. link

Your data: Replicates. Weighted, self-reported OCD jumps from a 9.0% base rate to 17.6% among autistic respondents (RR≈1.96), and the link is symmetric — autism runs 9.9% overall but 19.4% among those reporting OCD. It holds in both sexes (male RR=2.14, female RR=1.86). This tracks Aymerich et al. (2024), whose meta-analysis found 11.6% OCD among ASD. Both measures are self-report, which may inflate the size.

112. Schizophrenia → broader sexual interests Weak / mixed

The claim: Schizophrenia/schizotypy is associated with more unusual or varied sexual interests.

Lit (split): Brown, Barker & Rahman (2023), Sexual Abuse (paraphilia largely unrelated to psychopathology) link vs Del Giudice (2017), World Psychiatry (positive schizotypy → more/varied sexuality) link

Your data: In-sample the pattern is strong and robust. Respondents who report schizophrenia endorse a weighted mean of 12.3 fetish categories vs 9.4 for those who don't (about 31% broader). It survives every check: the gap holds in both sexes (men 12.2 vs 9.6; women 12.4 vs 9.3), it isn't a weighting artifact (in the full unweighted 14–75 sample it's 13.7 vs 10.4, t=57, p<.001), and it isn't an age artifact — the schizophrenia group is actually slightly younger (mean 20 vs 23), which if anything works against a wider repertoire. The external literature is genuinely split, which is why this stays "mixed" rather than a clean replication. One strand argues against any link: the largest non-clinical study of sexual interests (Brown, Barker & Rahman, 2023, N=4,280) found paraphilic interests "largely unrelated to psychopathology." But another strand supports our direction: positive schizotypy is repeatedly tied to more, more varied, and less restricted sexual behaviour (e.g. Del Giudice's sexual-selection account in World Psychiatry). So our data lands on the supportive side of a literature that hasn't settled. Caveats: this is a single self-reported symptom, not a clinical diagnosis, and the result is cross-sectional and correlational — no causal claim.

113. Schizophrenia by sex Diverges

The claim: Schizophrenia is somewhat more common in men (clinical incidence ~1.4:1 male) and tends to have earlier, more severe onset in men.

Best: McGrath et al. (2004), BMC Medicine (systematic review; male:female incidence 1.40). link

Your data: The clinical literature is solid (McGrath et al. find a male:female incidence ratio of 1.40, earlier/more-severe onset in men). But this self-report survey diverges: weighted prevalence is slightly higher in women (0.98% vs 0.86%, barely-overlapping CIs). The likely cause is the well-known self-report artifact (women report mental-health conditions more readily), which masks the true male excess. Self-report also can't test the onset/severity claim.

114. Foot fetish: male-skewed (but not "most common") Half-replicates

The claim: Foot fetish is among the most common partialisms and is more common in men (Scorolli 2007).

Best: Scorolli et al. (2007), International Journal of Impotence Research 19(4):432–437 — finds feet (and foot-associated objects) are the single most common target of fetish preference. link Note: this paper documents prevalence, not the male skew; that men report foot interest more than women is reported elsewhere (illustrative).

Your data: Half-replicates. The sex skew is robust: weighted, 14.5% of men vs 2.7% of women name feet as a significantly erotic body part (~5.3x). But "among the most common" does not hold here — at 8.7% overall, feet rank only 19th of ~28 body parts, far behind lips (33%), eyes (30%) and thighs (30%). Scorolli's 47% was relative share within fetishists — a different denominator.

Note: the BKS measure is self-reported arousal/interest, while the cited studies report behavioral prevalence — directionally informative, not a like-for-like replication.

115. Pregnancy / breeding kink is higher in men Replicates

The claim: Pregnancy / breeding / impregnation kink is more common in men than in women.

Best: Direct peer-reviewed evidence for a male skew in breeding/impregnation kink specifically is thin; see e.g. Lehmiller (2018), Tell Me What You Want (Da Capo Press), a survey of 4,175 U.S. adults. Note that the "sex with a pregnant partner" fantasy is markedly more common in men (41% vs 9%), whereas the impregnation/"getting someone pregnant" fantasy is roughly equal by sex (31% men vs 28.5% women). link

Your data: Replicates. 21.4% of men endorsed breeding/impregnation as erotic versus 15.8% of women — a 1.36x male skew with non-overlapping CIs, holding in raw data too. The plain "pregnancy" item skews even harder male (14.7% vs 9.6%). Joyal et al. (2015) show men report more atypical fantasies generally; note Lehmiller's survey found pregnancy fantasies more gender-balanced, so the specific item is somewhat contested.

Note: the BKS measure is self-reported arousal/interest, while the cited studies report behavioral prevalence — directionally informative, not a like-for-like replication.

116. Voyeurism is more common in men Replicates

The claim: Voyeuristic interest is more common in men than in women.

Best: Långström & Seto (2006), Archives of Sexual Behavior 35(4):427-435. link

Your data: Replicates. On the item "I find being a voyeur to be" (0–5 arousal), men report higher interest than women, weighted: mean 1.13 vs 0.86 (non-overlapping CIs). This matches Långström & Seto (2006), whose Swedish national survey found 11.5% of men vs 3.9% of women reported voyeuristic arousal. (The BKS measure is self-rated interest, not behavior, but the male skew is the same direction.)

Note: the BKS measure is self-reported arousal/interest, while the cited studies report behavioral prevalence — directionally informative, not a like-for-like replication.

117. Exhibitionism is more common in men Replicates

The claim: Exhibitionistic interest is more common in men than in women.

Best: Långström & Seto (2006), Archives of Sexual Behavior 35(4):427-435. link

Your data: Replicates. Weighted mean arousal to being an exhibitionist is higher in men (1.40) than women (1.18), and men report any interest more often (43.8% vs 38.1%). This matches Långström & Seto (2006), who found exhibitionistic behavior in 4.1% of men vs 2.1% of women. Caveat: the gap is driven by men selecting the category more — among those who report interest, intensity is essentially equal (2.90 vs 2.89).

Note: the BKS measure is self-reported arousal/interest, while the cited studies report behavioral prevalence — directionally informative, not a like-for-like replication.

118. Paraphilic interest overall, by sex Direction only

The claim: Paraphilic/atypical sexual interests are more common in men than women.

Best: Dawson, Bannerman & Lalumière (2016), Sexual Abuse 28(1):20-45. link

Your data: Men do report broader paraphilic interest, but only barely: weighted mean breadth is 9.57 categories for men vs 9.28 for women (of 29) — a gap of just ~0.3 categories (~3%). The raw gap is identical, so weighting isn't masking it. The direction matches the literature, but the magnitude is far smaller than the substantial male skew in representative samples — likely because BKS women are a self-selected, unusually kink-heavy group.

119. ADHD → more pornography use Replicates

The claim: Self-reported ADHD is associated with somewhat more frequent pornography use, consistent with the ADHD–hypersexuality literature.

Best: Bőthe et al. (2019), The Journal of Sexual Medicine 16(4):489–499. link

Your data: Replicates. Respondents who report ADHD use pornography modestly more often: weighted mean 6.21 vs 6.00 on the 0–9 frequency scale (non-overlapping CIs). The gap is not a sex artifact — it holds for women (5.61 vs 5.30) and men (6.79 vs 6.67), and is larger in women. ADHD is self-reported (not diagnosed) and porn frequency overlaps with impulsivity/hypersexuality. Bőthe et al. (2019) report the same link.

120. Earlier porn exposure → heavier porn use Replicates

The claim: Earlier first exposure to pornography is associated with heavier adult pornography use.

Best: Marshall & Miller (2024), “Age and Type of First Exposure to Pornography: It Matters for Girls and Boys,” Deviant Behavior 45(3), 377–393. link

Your data: Replicates cleanly. Weighted mean porn-use frequency (0–9) falls monotonically with later first exposure: 7.02 (started ≤10) → 6.43 (14–15) → 5.79 (18+); weighted r = −0.20. There's a genuine cohort confound (earlier starters are younger now), but the gradient survives age-restriction (ages 25–40: 7.15→5.81) and holds in both sexes, so it is not an age artifact.

121. Agreeableness → less pornography Weak / sex-dependent

The claim: More agreeable people report somewhat less pornography use.

Best: Egan & Parmar (2013), Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 39(5):394-409. link

Your data: Directionally supported but weak and sex-dependent. Weighted, agreeableness correlates with porn-use frequency at r=−0.05; binned means fall only from ~6.5 to ~6.0 on the 0–9 scale. The sex-split kills it: women r=−0.04, men r=−0.004 (null), and men use far more porn overall, so the pooled gradient is partly sex composition. The literature is itself contested.

122. Neuroticism → more pornography Sex-dependent

The claim: Neuroticism predicts more (escapist) pornography use, though the literature is mixed.

Best: Borgogna & Aita (2019), Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 26(3-4):293–314. link

Your data: Contested, and in this sample the pooled direction actually reverses. Pooled weighted r = −0.058 — porn-use frequency falls as neuroticism rises. But that is a Simpson's paradox: within each sex the relationship is positive, as the literature predicts (men r=+0.045; women r=+0.028). Men are both more porn-heavy and shift the pooled slope. Weak and confound-driven, not a clean replication.

123. Baby fever and age Reversed full sample

The claim: Desire to have a baby ("baby fever") increases with age in women.

Best: on the structure and correlates of "baby fever," see e.g. Brase & Brase (2012), "Emotional regulation of fertility decision making," Emotion, 12, 1141–1154. (Note: this literature finds women's baby fever tends to decrease with age while men's increases — the direction here should be reviewed.)

Your data: Checked on the full unweighted sample (women, ages 14–75) — since the literature spans the whole reproductive lifespan, not just the under-34s the weighted set covers — and the reversal only gets stronger. Mean baby fever (0–2) falls monotonically with age: 0.74 at 14–17 → 0.64 at 22–25 → 0.58 at 30–34, then keeps dropping to 0.43 (35–39), 0.28 (40–44) and 0.29 (45+); the share saying "yeah I want baby" slides 17.8%→6.3% (n=70,799). There's no late-30s fertility-deadline bump — desire-for-a-baby just keeps declining across the full range. So this is a genuine reversal, not an artifact of a truncated age window. (Cross-sectional and a self-selected sample, so this is age-pattern, not within-person change.)

124. Non-right-handedness & sexual orientation Replicates

The claim: Non-right-handedness (left-handed or ambidextrous) is elevated among non-heterosexual people (Lalumière, Blanchard & Zucker 2000).

Best: Lalumière, Blanchard & Zucker (2000), Psychological Bulletin 126(4):575-592. link

Your data: Replicates. Weighted, non-right-handedness is 15.4% in straight respondents vs 18.3% in non-straight (bisexual 18.8%, gay 17.5%); n=12,404. A weighted logistic gives OR=1.23, rising to 1.29 after adjusting for sex and age, so it is not a confound artifact, and it holds in both sexes (strongest in bisexual men). This matches Lalumière 2000's pooled OR ≈ 1.34. N is modest (handedness was a late survey addition), so treat the magnitude as approximate.

125. Chemsex interest → more partners Weak / construct full sample

The claim: People who eroticize recreational drugs in sex (chemsex interest) report markedly more lifetime sexual partners.

Best: see e.g. Pufall et al. (2018), HIV Medicine 19(4):261–270 — among HIV-positive men who have sex with men, sexualised drug use (‘chemsex’) was associated with higher-risk sexual behaviour. Illustrative only: this clinic-based sample does not establish a general-population link to lifetime partner counts.

Your data: Two things pull this down from a clean replication. Construct: BKS measures finding drugs erotic (a fantasy/fetish item), not chemsex behaviour (using drugs during sex), so it is a loose proxy for the cited finding. Magnitude: the headline "~2x partners" used uncapped counts, which are dominated by a long right tail; on the report-standard capped measure the gap shrinks substantially. A directional association remains (drug-eroticizers report somewhat more partners), but it is weaker and more confounded than a straight replication implies. Self-report, cross-sectional.

126. Gay men & attraction to masculinity Replicates full sample

The claim: Gay and bisexual men report strong attraction to masculinity.

Best: Zhang, Zheng & Zheng (2018), “Consistency in preferences for masculinity… among homosexual men in China,” Personality and Individual Differences 134:137–142. link

Your data: The cited study is specifically about gay (homosexual) men, and finds they prefer masculinity. Our data confirm this firmly. Among men (weighted), gay men average +1.74 on the masculinity-attraction scale (−3 = totally feminine-attracted … +3 = totally masculine-attracted), strongly masculine-leaning, with a CI that does not overlap straight men at −2.58 (strongly feminine-attracted). The gay-men result is essentially identical on the full unweighted sample (ages 14–75): +1.75, so it is not an artifact of the truncated weighted age band. The cited finding therefore replicates cleanly. One honest extension: bisexual men sit near the midpoint at −0.15 (essentially balanced, not strongly masculine-attracted) — but bisexual men were not the population the cited study claimed about, so this is a caveat on a broader reading rather than a failure of the original finding.

127. Younger → more kink? Inverted-U full sample

The claim: Younger cohorts report broader kink interests than older ones. (Exploratory; age/cohort confounded.)

Best: Holvoet et al. (2017), “Fifty Shades of Belgian Gray,” The Journal of Sexual Medicine 14(9):1152-1159 (representative general-population sample, N=1,027; interest scored across 54 BDSM activities + 14 fetishes — the older 48–65 group had significantly lower BDSM scores than younger peers). link Backup: Joyal & Carpentier (2017), The Journal of Sex Research 54(2):161-171 — documents that paraphilic interests are common in the general population (prevalence, not an age gradient). link

Your data: Re-run on the full age range (14–75, raw — not the 14–34 cap), it's an inverted-U, not a clean reversal: kink breadth rises from 9.2 (14–17) to a peak of 11.5 at 25–34, then falls steadily to 9.2 by 55–75. So among adults, younger does mean more kink — the predicted direction, with a clear decline from the late-20s peak onward — but the youngest teens are also lower (still developing their interests). J&C sampled adults ~18–64 and don't cleanly fix an age direction; age and cohort are inseparable here, so treat as exploratory.

128. Time on HRT vs mental health: opposite gradients by sex Splits by sex full sample

The claim: Longer time on gender-affirming hormones is associated with better mental health in trans people.

Best: see e.g. Aldridge et al. (2021), Andrology 9(6):1808–1816 — an 18-month prospective cohort (n=178) in which gender-affirming hormone treatment was associated with reduced depression. link

Your data: Among 34,268 trans people on HRT (full sample, ages 14–78), pooling shows almost no link between time on hormones and the number of self-reported mental-health conditions (r=0.02, flat ~4.5–4.7) — but that flat line hides a sex split running in opposite directions. Trans men on testosterone (n=14,642) show the predicted gradient: conditions fall steadily from 5.15 at <6 months to ~4.46 at 5–10 years (slope −0.14 per duration step, p<1e-21; still negative after age-adjustment). Trans women on estrogen (n=19,626) go the other way: conditions rise from 3.91 at <6 months to ~4.72 at 5–10 years (slope +0.18, p<1e-45; stronger after age-adjustment). Caveats: this is cross-sectional and can't see the pre-HRT baseline, and the outcome is a count of conditions, not the depression/anxiety symptom scales Aldridge (2021) tracked across the first ~18 months. Longer-duration respondents are also older and transitioned in earlier eras, so the trans-women trend may reflect cohort/selection rather than an effect of estrogen. So our data neither confirms nor contradicts the "improvement on starting HRT" literature — it shows that, once on HRT, duration tracks self-reported mental health in opposite directions for the two groups.

129. Testosterone → higher libido Replicates

The claim: Testosterone (in trans men) increases libido / sex drive.

Best: Defreyne et al. (2020), J. Sexual Medicine (longitudinal ENIGI study). link

Your data: Replicates. Among trans men (n≈4,766 weighted), those on testosterone report higher libido: last-24h horniness 2.04 vs 1.86 (0–3 scale) and current 1.29 vs 1.12. On-T respondents are older (22.6 vs 17.5), but the effect survives age-adjustment and shows a dose-response by duration. Matches the prospective ENIGI finding. Observational, so causality is suggestive.

130. Estrogen → lower libido Replicates

The claim: Estrogen (in trans women) lowers libido / sex drive.

Best: Illustrative: Defreyne et al. (2020), J. Sexual Medicine 17(4):812 (ENIGI) found a short-term (~3-month) dip in sexual desire after starting feminizing hormones; over 36 months dyadic desire rose above baseline, so this supports only a transient early decrease, not a sustained drop in libido. link

Your data: Supported. Among trans women (n=3,861 with libido data), those on estrogen report lower libido on both measures: current horniness 1.06 vs 1.22, last-24h 1.85 vs 2.05 (0–3). On-E women are older (24.2 vs 19.1), but age-adjustment strengthens the drop (coef −0.19/−0.20, p<1e-6), and estrogen duration predicts lower libido dose-responsively. Direction matches the ENIGI cohort. Cross-sectional, so causal attribution to estrogen specifically isn't established.

131. Most trans people are on HRT Majority only among adults

The claim: A majority of binary trans people are on (or pursue) gender-affirming hormones.

Best: Castelijn et al. (2025), Endocrine (meta-analysis; ≈80% of binary trans on GAHT). link

Your data: Age-dependent. Pooled across all ages, only 38% of binary trans respondents are currently on hormones — a minority, because this kink survey skews extremely young (median age trans men 18) and most under-21s are pre-HRT. Restricting to adults it becomes a majority: 57% at 18+, 67% at 21+, converging toward the literature (≈73–80%). Strongly sex-dependent too (trans women 51% vs trans men 27% all-ages). True for trans adults; an age-composition artifact in the raw pool.

132. Furries → more autism Replicates

The claim: Furries report higher rates of autism than non-furries.

Best: Reysen, Plante, Chadborn et al. (2018), “A brief report on the prevalence of self-reported mood disorders... and autism spectrum disorder in anime, brony, and furry fandoms,” The Phoenix Papers, 3(2), 64–75 (FurScience fandom survey; furries report elevated ASD rates, ~10–15%, vs. the general population). link

Your data: Replicates. Respondents with erotic furry-transformation interest report autism at 24.3% vs 9.2% for others (~2.6x; sex+age-adjusted OR=3.2). The literature's chief caveat — furries skew male, autism skews male — does not explain it: the gap holds within both sexes and is largest in women. Two construct caveats: this column is erotic furry interest, not fandom identity; and autism is self-reported presence, not a diagnosis. Cross-sectional.

133. Asexuality → more autism Not seen (proxy)

The claim: Asexuality (very low sexual desire) is associated with higher autism rates.

Best: Weir, Allison & Baron-Cohen (2021), Autism Research. link

Your data: Doesn't replicate with this proxy. Using very-low momentary libido (horny-now = 0 and last-24h = 0), the autism rate is 13.5% vs 12.8% — overlapping CIs, and it vanishes after age+sex adjustment (OR=1.01, p=0.88). The published literature (Weir 2021) does find autistic adults more often asexual, but it measures trait sexual attraction, whereas these items measure state arousal — a weak proxy. So the broader claim is plausible; this specific test is null.

134. Sissification interest → autism Replicates

The claim: Interest in sissification is associated with higher autism rates.

Best: Direct evidence for a specific sissification–autism link is limited; for the broader association between autism and elevated paraphilic interest see e.g. Schöttle, Briken, Tüscher & Turner (2017), Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 19(4), “Sexuality in autism: hypersexual and paraphilic behavior in high-functioning ASD.” link (Note: this reports paraphilias such as fetishism and masochism being more common among autistic individuals, rather than autism rates among people interested in sissification specifically.)

Your data: Replicates. People reporting sissification interest report autism at 18.6% vs 9.2% — roughly double. The association holds in both sexes (women 29% vs 9%; men 16% vs 9%) and isn't an age artifact; a logistic model adjusting for sex and age gives OR = 2.3. Caveats: autism self-reported, cross-sectional, and the effect is far larger in women — the opposite sex pattern to the cited clinical literature.

135. Transgenderism kink ↔ being trans/nonbinary Replicates

The claim: Finding transgenderism/transformation erotic is far more common in trans/nonbinary people than cis.

Best: Illustrative — see Brown, Barker & Rahman (2020), The Journal of Sexual Medicine 17(1):99–110, which found that gender-identity discomfort and childhood gender nonconformity correlate with erotic-target-identity-inversion interests (e.g. autogynephilia/autoandrophilia). link. Note: this general-population study reports gender-identity factors as correlates rather than a direct trans/nonbinary-vs-cis prevalence comparison.

Your data: Confirmed. 25.8% of trans & nonbinary respondents find transgenderism erotic vs 4.3% of cis — a ~6x gap with non-overlapping CIs (n=481,560). By cell: trans women 44.7%, NB-AMAB 39.2%, trans men 19.5%, NB-AFAB 16.9%, cis men 6.6%, cis women 1.7%. Robust within sexes and age strata. Cross-sectional, not causal.

136. Transformation kink → autism Replicates

The claim: Interest in transformation fantasies is associated with higher autism rates.

Best: Direct peer-reviewed evidence for a transformation-fantasy-specific link to autism is lacking; for the broader association between autism and elevated nonnormative/paraphilic sexual interests see e.g. Schöttle, Briken, Tüscher & Turner (2017), Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 19(4):381–393. link (illustrative — this paper documents higher paraphilic interest in autistic samples generally, not transformation kink specifically)

Your data: Supported, using transformation types other than furries: body-swapping fans report 19.4% autism and shapeshifting fans 22.5%, vs 9.9% overall (RR 2.1 and 2.5). It holds in both sexes and strengthens after age+sex adjustment (OR 2.4 and 3.0), so it's not an age/sex-composition artifact. Autism self-reported; cross-sectional. (See also furries, #132.)

137. Hormonal birth control → depression Contested

The claim: Hormonal contraception is associated with higher depression risk. (Contested.)

Best: Skovlund et al. (2016), JAMA Psychiatry (Danish cohort, >1M women; RR 1.23). link

Your data: Among women (n=69,453), 46.4% of those on hormonal birth control report depression vs 38.4% of non-users — an ~8-point gap with non-overlapping CIs. Not an age artifact: users are slightly older and the age-adjusted OR (1.38) ≈ the unadjusted (1.39). Directionally matches Skovlund (2016). Marked contested because it's cross-sectional, self-reported (confounding-by-indication and reverse causation possible) and the literature is mixed.

138. PMS severity → neuroticism Replicates

The claim: PMS severity is associated with higher neuroticism.

Best: Hamidovic et al. (2022), Psychiatry International (+ twin data, rG≈0.62). link

Your data: Replicates. Among women (n=120,303), mean neuroticism rises monotonically with PMS severity: none 1.49 → slight 1.94 → moderate 2.48 → severe 3.19 (−6…+6 scale), non-overlapping CIs, slope +0.58/level (essentially unchanged after age-adjustment). Caveats: cross-sectional (twin data show shared genetic loading, rG≈0.62), and PMS is a self-reported severity rating, so negative-affectivity reporting bias may inflate the link.

139. PMS severity → more mental illness Replicates

The claim: PMS severity is associated with more self-reported mental-health conditions.

Best: Yen et al. (2020), Int. J. Environmental Research & Public Health (GAD↔PMDD OR 7.65). link

Your data: Clean gradient. Among ~120,000 women, the mean number of reported conditions climbs steadily with PMS severity — 1.91 (none) → 2.28 → 2.71 → 3.78 (severe), nearly doubling end-to-end (weighted r=0.22), surviving age-adjustment. Caveats: the outcome is reported counts (not diagnoses), the PMS item itself names anxiety and depression as examples (some overlap), and the design is cross-sectional.

140. Breeding kink → wanting kids Data yes, lit disputes

The claim: Pregnancy/breeding kink is associated with wanting children (baby fever).

Best: No published study directly links pregnancy/breeding kink to wanting children; treat as a descriptive finding from this survey. (The previously cited Dawson, Suschinsky & Lalumière (2012), Archives of Sexual Behavior, concerns ovulatory shifts in fantasy and does not address this claim.)

Your data: Data support a link, but it isn't specific to "breeding" — it's general pregnancy/reproduction arousal that tracks baby fever, which is exactly the nuance the clinical literature raises. Among 30,367 women, those who checked breeding/impregnation as erotic were more likely to report baby fever: 77.1% (any) vs 59.4%, and 37.7% (strong) vs 20.4%; mean 1.15 vs 0.80 (0–2). It is not an age artifact — age-adjustment slightly strengthens it (OR 2.4). But the signal is not breeding-specific: there is a clean dose-response across the whole reproduction-arousal scale (any baby fever rises 58.9% → 81.9% from "not erotic" to "max"), and once you control for how erotic a woman finds reproduction overall, the breeding checkbox adds nothing (OR 1.02, p=0.76); within pregnancy-aroused women, breeding vs no-breeding is identical (77.1% vs 78.2%). So the breeding kink is just one marker of finding reproduction erotic, and that broad arousal — not the kink label — is what co-occurs with wanting kids. No peer-reviewed study directly tests this, and lay/clinical consensus holds the kink eroticizes the act of impregnation, not a desire to raise children (many with the kink don't want kids; it appears in same-sex dynamics where conception is impossible). Cross-sectional; self-report.

141. Childhood sexual abuse → more partners Replicates age-adjusted

The claim: Childhood sexual abuse is associated with more sexual partners (sexualized coping / hypersexuality).

Best: Noll, Trickett & Putnam (2003), Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71(3):575–586 — 10-year prospective study finding childhood sexual abuse predicts earlier sexual debut and greater sexual preoccupation. link Backup: see also Trickett, Noll & Putnam (2013), Development and Psychopathology (multigenerational longitudinal review of CSA on female sexual development).

Your data: A clear stepwise dose-response — mean partners (cap 50) rise None 6.0 → Mild 7.2 → Moderate 8.4 → Severe 9.7 (n=477,939). The gradient survives adjustment for age and sex and appears within both sexes. Cross-sectional/observational, retrospective CSA self-report — so causal direction is unproven.

142. Bisexuals → more partners Measure-dependent

The claim: Bisexual people report more sexual partners than heterosexuals.

Best: Jackson et al. (2019), BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing) — bisexual women had ~5.9× the odds of reporting 10+ lifetime partners vs heterosexual women. link Backup: Jeffries (2011), Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health — behaviorally bisexual men reported ~3.1 more past-year partners than heterosexual men. link

Your data: Weak and measure-dependent. The cited study (Semenyna et al. 2018) is about young women and sociosexuality, of which partner count is one facet. In the matching sample (women, ages 14–34) the answer depends entirely on how you summarise a very skewed count: the age-adjusted mean puts bisexual women slightly ahead (+0.25 partners on the report-standard cap-50 scale, +0.35 weighted; p<1e-7), directionally consistent with the source — but the median goes the other way (the typical straight woman reports 2 partners vs 1 for bisexual women), and the rank (Spearman) correlation is −0.02 (≈zero). On the full 14–75 sample even the age-adjusted mean washes out (+0.03, p=0.2). An earlier version of this card reported "+0.6, holds after age control," but that figure came from a generous outlier cap (500); on the standard cap it halves, and it never survives a switch to the median. Honest call: no robust partner-count difference — the mean leans bisexual-higher, the median leans straight-higher. (We measure raw partner count, not the full sociosexuality scale, and can't test the curvilinear "moderate-bisexual" peak the source reported.)

143. Chemsex interest → more mental illness Replicates

The claim: Interest in eroticizing recreational drugs (chemsex) is associated with more mental-health conditions.

Best: Íncera-Fernández et al. (2021), Int. J. Environmental Research & Public Health (chemsex review). link

Your data: Supported. Respondents who find cocaine/meth/ecstasy erotic report a mean of 3.13 self-reported conditions vs 2.03 (non-overlapping CIs). The gap survives sex-splitting (women 4.05 vs 2.60; men 2.35 vs 1.47) and age adjustment (+1.18 conditions, p≈0), and isn't just substance dependence (excluding substance dx leaves +0.88). The chemsex literature finds the same depression/anxiety link — though for drug-use behavior in MSM, while this is eroticized interest in a mixed sample. Cross-sectional.

144. Self-rated attractiveness → narcissism Weak

The claim: People who rate themselves as more attractive score higher on narcissism.

Best: Gabriel, Critelli & Ee (1994), Journal of Personality 62(1):143-155 (narcissism predicts inflated self-ratings of attractiveness). Backup: Holtzman & Strube (2010), J. Research in Personality 44(1):133-136 (meta-analysis; narcissism & observer-rated attractiveness). link

Your data: Supported but weak, with a construct caveat. Self-rated relative attractiveness ("compared to others your age/gender, you are more attractive") correlates positively with agreeing "I am a narcissist," but the effect is tiny: weighted r = 0.045 (n=82,239), and essentially identical on the full unweighted sample (ages 14-75: r = 0.046, n=175,872), so the truncated young sample isn't hiding anything. It is directionally consistent across sex (women r ≈ 0.03-0.04, men r ≈ 0.05) and survives controlling for age and sex (standardized β ≈ 0.05). The dose-response is clean in the upper half (mean narcissism rises monotonically from -1.11 at "average" to -0.71 at "significantly more attractive"), though the less-attractive tail is noisier. Caveats: the cited Holtzman & Strube (2010) meta-analysis is about narcissism and observer-rated attractiveness, whereas our item is self-rated — a related but distinct construct prone to shared self-enhancement bias, which makes how small our correlation is notable rather than reassuring. Narcissism is also a single self-aware item, and even the most-attractive group reports net disagreement with the narcissist statement. Direction matches; magnitude is faint.

145. Neuroticism → sexual shame Replicates

The claim: Neuroticism is associated with more shame about one's own sexual arousal.

Best: see e.g. Reid, Stein & Carpenter (2011), J. Nervous & Mental Disease 199(4):263–267 — in a clinical sample of hypersexual men, neuroticism and shame were closely linked (shame's effect on hypersexuality ran through neuroticism). Illustrative of the neuroticism–sexual-shame association rather than a general-population test of arousal-specific shame. link

Your data: Confirmed. Neuroticism correlates with agreeing "I am ashamed about some of what arouses me," weighted r=0.138 (n=481,476). Mean shame climbs monotonically from −0.18 (most stable) to +0.80 (most neurotic) on the −3…+3 scale, and it holds within both sexes (men r=0.165, women r=0.142). Cross-sectional and associational, not causal.

146. Sadism → antisocial traits Replicates

The claim: Interest in giving pain (sadism) is associated with antisocial/sociopathic traits.

Best: O'Connell & Marcus (2019), Aggression & Violent Behavior (meta-analysis; psychopathy–sadism r=0.24). link

Your data: Replicates. Self-reported sociopathy rises monotonically with arousal to giving pain: 0.97% (not arousing) → 5.66% (extremely arousing). Dichotomized, high sadism shows 3.2% sociopathy vs 1.0% — a ~3.2x elevation that holds in both sexes and survives age+sex adjustment (OR=1.39 per level, p<1e-300). Consistent with the forensic psychopathy–sadism meta-analysis. Sociopathy self-reported; cross-sectional.

147. Trans men: a distinctive attraction profile Replicates

The claim: Trans men report distinctive sexual-attraction patterns. (Exploratory.)

Best: Auer et al. (2014), PLoS ONE (FtM orientation change & fluidity). link

Your data: Supported and distinctive. On masculinity-of-partner (+3 masculine to −3 feminine), trans men sit at +0.67 — squarely between cis men (−2.46) and cis women (+2.13), and far more balanced/heterogeneous than either (37% "equally masculine & feminine"). This intermediate position holds within every age bin. On partner gender-congruence, 16.1% of trans men prefer trans/non-cis partners vs just 1.2% of cis people (~13x) — though that openness is shared with NB-AFAB people (13.3%), so it reflects gender diversity broadly. Exploratory, cross-sectional (n=17,509).

148. Wanting casual sex → more porn use Replicates

The claim: People with a more unrestricted sociosexual orientation (motivated to seek casual sex) consume more pornography.

Best: Tokunaga, Wright & Roskos (2019), Human Communication Research 45(1):78–118 — meta-analysis (70+ studies, 13 countries) finding pornography consumption is positively associated with an impersonal, casual-sex (sociosexual) approach to sex in both men and women. link Backup: Crone et al. (2026), Archives of Sexual Behavior — men's unrestricted sociosexual orientation tracks pornography use and genre preferences. link

Your data: porn-use frequency (0-9) climbs steadily with agreement that "I am very motivated to seek out real-life sexual encounters" — from a mean of 4.93 at strong disagree (-2) up to 6.40 at strong agree (+2), a smooth monotonic gradient (weighted n=11,650; weighted r=0.13). Men sit higher on both, but the effect is not just that confound: it holds within each sex (Female 4.22→5.64; Male 5.55→6.68) and survives controlling for age and sex in a weighted regression (+0.23 porn-frequency points per step of motivation, t=11.8, p≈4e-32). Replicates cleanly.

149. Narcissism → more porn use Replicates

The claim: Narcissistic self-focus is associated with more frequent pornography use.

Best: Kasper, Short & Milam (2015), Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 41(5):481-6, “Narcissism and Internet pornography use” — hours of pornography use positively correlated with narcissism (PubMed). Backup: see also research linking narcissistic antagonism to perceived pornography addiction (Brown et al., 2023, Journal of Research in Personality).

Your data: Mean porn-use frequency (0-9 scale) climbs steadily with self-reported narcissism — from 5.44 among people who most strongly reject 'I am a narcissist' (-3) to 5.96 at -1, 6.21 at +1, and ~6.19-6.22 at the agreeing end (+2/+3); weighted n=81,032 (effective n≈28,500). The weighted slope is +0.156 points per agreement step (p≈1e-162). It holds after controlling for age and sex (+0.130 per step, p≈1e-118) and appears in both sexes (men +0.099, women +0.124 per step). A clean, monotonic dose-response in the predicted direction — narcissism tracks more frequent porn use, and it isn't an age or sex artifact. Replicates.

150. Neuroticism → porn over partnered sex Weak / male-led

The claim: Higher neuroticism/negative affectivity predicts preferring pornography to real-life partnered sex.

Best: Evidence here is indirect: neuroticism/negative affectivity is an established predictor of problematic, coping-motivated pornography use rather than a documented preference for porn over partnered sex. See e.g. Egan & Parmar (2013), Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 39(5), "Dirty Habits? Online Pornography Use, Personality, Obsessionality, and Compulsivity" — neuroticism loads on a latent compulsive-use measure alongside pornography use.

Your data: the direction is right but the effect is small. Agreement that "porn is more satisfying than sex with a real person" (-3..+3) rises with neuroticism, from -2.00 [-2.32,-1.67] among the most emotionally stable to -1.35 [-1.49,-1.20] among the most neurotic (weighted n=8,173; weighted r=0.080). Crucially every group lands in the negative — almost everyone disagrees; the neurotic just disagree a bit less. It survives controls: age-residualized r=0.075, and a weighted model with sex + age gives a neuroticism coefficient of +0.036 (p=6e-6). But it's sex-dependent — clear in men (r=0.072, -2.04 → -1.42 across the gradient) and weak/flat in women (r=0.022). Verdict: a genuine, directionally-correct but small signal, driven mostly by men.

151. Self-rated attractiveness → likes catcalls Sex-dependent

The claim: People who rate themselves as more attractive than their peers react more positively to unsolicited sexual attention (catcalling).

Best: Direct evidence is thin; the closest established work is on objectification valence and reactions to sexual attention — see e.g. Gervais, Allen, Riemer & Gullickson (2019), Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45(4), the "balanced objectification hypothesis" (complimentary objectification is approached more positively when it aligns with positive body sentiment). Backup: On how appraisals of unsolicited sexual attention vary with context and attractiveness, see the stranger-harassment "context effects" literature (e.g. Saunders et al.). Treat this card as illustrative: no single study tests self-rated attractiveness as a moderator of reactions to catcalling.

Your data: the gradient holds in the predicted direction within both sexes, but a massive sex confound dominates the level. Overall men rate catcalls positively (+0.61) and women negatively (-0.16). Among men, valence climbs monotonically from +0.34 at "much less attractive" to +0.87 at +2 (slope +0.092 per step, p<1e-290; weighted effective n≈43,500). Among women it rises from about -0.22 in the below-average range to near-neutral (-0.02) at +2 (slope +0.036 per step, p<1e-41; effective n≈27,200) — less aversive when they feel attractive, but still net-negative. Both lines dip slightly at the very top level (+3), where n is sparsest. Total weighted n=203,017. Verdict: the moderation replicates as a direction in both sexes, but the actual sign of how catcalls feel is set almost entirely by sex — men enjoy them, women mostly don't, and self-rated attractiveness only shifts each within that.

152. Self-rated attractiveness → more partners Replicates

The claim: Higher self-rated attractiveness (a mate-value proxy) predicts more lifetime sexual partners.

Best: Arnocky et al. (2021), Archives of Sexual Behavior — meta-analysis (N=5,928) finding higher self-perceived mate value (including self-rated attractiveness) predicts a less restricted sociosexual orientation, i.e. more sexual partners (PMID 34327590). Backup: Rhodes, Simmons & Peters (2005), Evolution & Human Behavior — objectively (judge-)rated facial and body attractiveness correlated with number of sexual partners.

Your data: mean lifetime partners climb monotonically with self-rated attractiveness — from 3.9 for those rating themselves "much less attractive" than peers (-3), to 6.1 at average (0), to 10.2 for "much more attractive" (+3): a ~2.6x spread (weighted n=479,377, partner count capped at 50). Weighted r=0.17. Crucially the effect survives the obvious confounds: a weighted regression gives +1.23 partners per attractiveness point unadjusted, and still +1.13 after controlling for age and sex (p≈0). The gradient holds in both sexes (men 3.0→11.4, women 4.6→8.7 across the range) — steeper for men but clearly present in both. Clear replication in the predicted direction.

153. Sex → preferred breast size Replicates

The claim: Stated preference for larger female breast size is male-skewed.

Best: Kościński (2019), American Journal of Human Biology 31:e23287 — rated by both sexes, men preferred slightly larger breasts than women did (a male-skewed preference). Backup: Zelazniewicz & Pawlowski (2011), Archives of Sexual Behavior 40:1129 — among men, preference for larger breasts increased with unrestricted sociosexual (mating) orientation (men-only sample).

Your data: Among respondents attracted to female bodies (the question is only asked of people attracted to women, so the comparison is already restricted to the relevant group for both sexes), men prefer a larger breast size than women do — mean 3.21 [3.21, 3.21] for men vs 2.98 [2.97, 2.98] for women on a 0 (Flat) to 6 (Gigantic) scale, a gap of about 0.23 points (weighted n = 644,162). On a simple threshold, 12.0% of men prefer "Big" or larger versus 6.6% of women. The gap holds in every age bin (diff +0.06 to +0.21), narrowing only slightly past age 40, so it is not an age artifact. Clear replication in the predicted direction.

154. Sex → sadism/masochism arousal Half-replicates

The claim: Men lean toward sadistic (give-pain) arousal and women toward masochistic (receive-pain) arousal.

Best: see e.g. Holvoet et al. (2017), Journal of Sexual Medicine 14(9):1152–1159 — in a general-population sample, BDSM/fetish interest was higher in men, and men leaned toward dominant roles while women leaned toward submissive ones. link Backup: Hébert & Weaver (2014), Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 23(2):106–115 — sex differences in dominant/submissive BDSM orientation.

Your data: on eroticized arousal to receiving pain (masochism, 0-8), women average 1.59 [95% CI 1.59-1.60] versus men's 0.86 [0.86-0.87] — women nearly double, with non-overlapping CIs. So the female-masochism half replicates strongly. But on giving pain (sadism), men average just 0.94 [0.93-0.94] versus women's 0.89 [0.89-0.90] — directionally correct (men higher) and statistically separated only because of the huge sample, but the gap is a trivial ~0.05 points. Weighted n=1,071,350 (raw, unweighted). Verdict: it half-replicates — the women→masochism half is robust, but the men→sadism half is not (that ~0.05 gap is trivial). Both sexes actually lean toward receiving over giving; the real sex story here is masochism, not sadism.

155. Self-reported OCD → body dysmorphia Replicates

The claim: OCD and body dysmorphic disorder strongly co-occur, with BDD sitting on the OCD spectrum.

Best: Phillips & Kaye (2007), CNS Spectrums 12(5):347–358, “The Relationship of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Eating Disorders to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder” — BDD is frequently comorbid with OCD and shares many features with it, consistent with placement on the OCD spectrum.

Your data: among respondents reporting no OCD, 12.2% (95% CI 12.0–12.4%) also report body dysmorphia; among those who self-report OCD, that jumps to 26.8% (95% CI 26.1–27.5%) — about 2.2x higher, with non-overlapping CIs (weighted n=481,560). Both items are self-report checkboxes flagged "only if moderate-to-severe," not clinical diagnoses, so read this as co-reported symptom burden rather than confirmed comorbidity. Still, the predicted OCD-BDD co-occurrence shows up cleanly and strongly.

156. ADHD → Depression Replicates

The claim: ADHD is comorbid with depression at elevated rates.

Best: Katzman et al. (2017), BMC Psychiatry — ADHD is strongly comorbid with mood disorders including depression. link

Your data: Among respondents who self-report ADHD, 49.9% also report moderate-to-severe depression (95% CI 49.5-50.3%), versus 27.8% of those without ADHD (95% CI 27.5-28.1%) — an overall sample rate of 35.3%. That's a 22-point gap, nearly doubling the depression rate. Weighted n=481,560. Both checklist items are self-reported "moderate to severe", not clinical diagnoses, but the comorbidity is large and unambiguous. Clear replication of the ADHD–depression link in the predicted direction.

157. Autism → depression Replicates

The claim: Autistic people report markedly elevated rates of depression.

Best: Hudson, Hall & Harkness (2019), J. Abnormal Child Psychology 47(1):165–175 — meta-analysis finding autistic individuals are ~4× more likely to experience depression over their lifetime (self-report current prevalence 25.9%).

Your data: respondents who self-report autism are far more likely to also report depression — 56.9% (95% CI 56.3–57.6, weighted n=75,915 autistic) vs 32.9% of non-autistic respondents, a ~24-point gap (35.3% baseline overall). The gap survives a sex split and shows up in both: men 47.5% vs 23.3%, women 67.0% vs 42.8% (women have higher absolute depression, but the ~24pp autism penalty is roughly equal in each sex). Both are self-report checklist items ("moderate to severe"), not clinical diagnoses, but the elevation is large and robust. Clear replication of the meta-analytic finding.

158. Childhood verbal abuse → adult depression Replicates

The claim: Childhood emotional/verbal abuse uniquely predicts higher rates of adult depression.

Best: Mandelli, Petrelli & Serretti (2015), European Psychiatry — meta-analysis of childhood trauma and adult depression finds emotional abuse the maltreatment type most strongly associated with adult depression (OR=2.78, strongest of all types examined). link Backup: Spinhoven et al. (2010), J. Affective Disorders — in the NESDA cohort, childhood emotional maltreatment was specifically linked to depressive and anxiety disorders over and above other adversity types. link

Your data: a clean, monotonic dose-response. Self-reported depression climbs from 25.5% among those never verbally abused as children, to 37.3% (rarely), 45.2% (sometimes), 53.2% (often), and 61.7% (very regularly) — weighted n≈131,836, with tight non-overlapping 95% CIs at every step. The gradient holds in both sexes (men 19.8%→51.6%, women 34.2%→66.5%; women run higher throughout but the slope is the same) and survives age stratification — under-25s went 24.8%→61.3% and 25-34s went 26.5%→62.3%, so age does not explain it. (has_depression is a self-report checklist item, not a clinical diagnosis.) A textbook replication of the verbal-abuse → depression link.

159. Childhood physical abuse → BPD Replicates

The claim: Childhood physical abuse is a specific risk factor for borderline personality disorder.

Best: Porter et al. (2020), Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 141(1):6–20 — meta-analysis finding childhood adversity, including physical abuse, is strongly associated with borderline personality disorder (PMID 31630389). Backup: Zanarini et al. (1997), Am. J. Psychiatry 154(8):1101–6 — childhood abuse, including physical abuse, is markedly elevated in patients with BPD relative to other personality disorders (PMID 9247396).

Your data: a clean dose-response. Self-reported BPD rises monotonically with childhood physical abuse — Never 4.5%, Rarely 6.3%, Sometimes 7.4%, Often+ 10.8% (weighted n≈131,800). Any physical abuse vs none: 8.6% vs 4.5%. The gradient survives controls: in a weighted logistic regression adjusting for sex and age, each step up the abuse scale raises the odds of self-reporting BPD by ~30% (OR 1.30, p<1e-290). It holds in both sexes (women Never 5.9% → Often+ 14.1%; men Never 2.5% → Often+ 5.6%), with women reporting BPD at roughly double the male rate at every level. A clear replication — note the outcome is self-reported "moderate-to-severe Borderline," not a clinical diagnosis.

160. Painful childhood spanking → adult arousal to receiving pain Replicates

The claim: More painful childhood corporal punishment is associated with greater adult eroticization of receiving pain.

Best: evidence here is suggestive rather than settled; see e.g. Labrecque, Potz, Larouche & Joyal (2020), The Journal of Sex Research 58(4) — practitioners of sexual masochism/submission describe instrumental learning, in which early painful or disciplinary experiences (e.g. being spanked) become eroticized, as one origin of adult interest in receiving pain (PDF). Note: a direct, quantitative childhood-spanking-severity → adult-masochism dose-response has not been firmly established.

Your data: Among people who were spanked as kids, the more painful they recall those spankings being, the more they're aroused by receiving pain as adults — mean arousal (0 not..8 extremely) climbs from 0.96 for "not painful" and 0.95 "slightly," up through 1.04 "moderately," 1.18 "very," to 1.46 "extremely painful" (weighted n=362,151). The same gradient holds in both sexes (men 0.53→0.84, women 1.37→1.97) and inside every overall-kinkiness tertile, and the predictor stays significant in a weighted model controlling for sex and total fetish count (b=+0.057 per step, t=24, p<1e-128). The effect is robust but modest: the lift really starts at "moderately painful" — the two lowest bins are essentially flat. A clear, confound-surviving dose-response — the claim replicates.

161. Eroticized secretions → eroticized dirtiness Replicates

The claim: People who eroticize one disgust elicitor (bodily secretions) tend to also eroticize others (dirtiness/messiness), consistent with sexual arousal overriding disgust.

Best: On the underlying mechanism (sexual arousal can override disgust toward bodily secretions), see e.g. Borg & de Jong (2012), PLoS ONE 7(9):e44111 — experimentally induced sexual arousal weakened women's disgust and disgust-induced avoidance toward sex-related stimuli (saliva, sweat, semen and body odours are among the strongest disgust elicitors yet are involved in sex). link. Note: this demonstrates arousal dampening disgust rather than a direct correlation between eroticizing secretions and eroticizing dirtiness/messiness, which our own data illustrate.

Your data: arousal to bodily secretions tracks arousal to dirtiness/disgust/messiness almost perfectly monotonically. Mean dirtiness arousal (0-5 eroticization scale) climbs from 0.02 among those who find secretions "Not" arousing, to 0.08 (Slightly), 0.12 (Somewhat), 0.20 (Moderately), 0.32 (Very), and 0.75 (Extremely) — a roughly 38-fold gradient. Weighted Pearson r = 0.27 (weighted n=482,496). The link survives controlling for overall kink breadth (the secretions slope shrinks from 0.10 to 0.063 but stays massively significant) and is present in both sexes (women r=0.23, men r=0.29). Replicates: eroticized disgust elicitors cluster together.

162. Submission arousal → CGL (caregiver/little) interest Mixed

The claim: Caregiver/little (CGL/age-play) interest is a regressive-submissive kink that should rise with general submission arousal.

Best: Hawkinson & Zamboni (2014), Archives of Sexual Behavior 43(5):863–877 — in the adult baby/diaper-lover (age-play) community, both men and women rated being dominated as important, consistent with age-play as a submission-linked kink. doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0241-7 Backup: Tiidenberg & Paasonen (2019), Sexuality & Culture 23(2):375–393 — qualitative account of "littles"/age-play. (Note: Zamboni's data give little support for a stress-regulation function, so that framing is not well established.)

Your data: among the 465,840 (weighted) respondents who rated both, the predicted dose-response shows up clearly on the agreement side of "I am aroused by being submissive": mean CGL arousal (0–5 scale) climbs from 0.28 at Neutral to 0.34 (slightly agree) → 0.40 (agree) → 0.68 (strongly agree), all with tight non-overlapping 95% CIs. But the overall weighted correlation is only r=0.071 and the curve is U-shaped: the small "strongly disagree" group (n≈16k) is also elevated at 0.51, breaking monotonicity. The link is not driven by age — residualizing CGL on age leaves r unchanged (0.071) — and holds in both sexes, somewhat stronger in women (r=0.105) than men (r=0.053). Verdict: the submission→CGL gradient is real and survives controls among people who endorse submission, but it's weak overall and complicated by an elevated anti-submission minority, so this is a partial/mixed replication rather than a clean one.

163. Higher BMI → lower sexual desire Reversed

The claim: Higher BMI is associated with reduced sexual desire (obesity linked to lower desire/function).

Best: Biernikiewicz, Rusiecka & Kałka (2025), J. Sexual Medicine 22(5):677–693 — systematic review & meta-analysis finding higher BMI/obesity is associated with lower sexual desire, with weight loss raising desire (PMID 40163679). Backup: Esposito et al. (2007), Int. J. Impotence Research 19:353–357 — higher BMI correlated with poorer female sexual function (arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction) (PMID 17287832).

Your data: the direction is reversed. Mean recent horniness ("how horny in the last 24h," 0–3) rises with BMI rather than falling — 1.84 for underweight (<18.5), 1.93 for normal (18.5–25), 2.05 (25–30), 2.06 (30–35), and 2.06 for 35+ (weighted n=120,327). The weighted Pearson correlation is +0.06, the opposite sign of the predicted negative. Controlling for age and sex barely dents it (adjusted gradient 1.94 → 1.96 → 2.02 → 2.03 → 2.04), and both sexes show the same upward slope (men 1.91→2.16, women 1.78→1.99 across the BMI range). So in this sample higher BMI tracks slightly MORE self-reported recent horniness, not less. The classic obesity-lowers-desire finding does not appear here — if anything it's mildly reversed. (Caveat: horny24 is momentary horniness, not the broader sexual-function/desire constructs in the clinical literature.)

164. Vaginal-only orgasm → uncommon Replicates

The claim: Only a minority of women can reliably orgasm from vaginal penetration without clitoral stimulation.

Best: Herbenick, Fu, Arter, Sanders & Dodge (2018), J. Sex & Marital Therapy — in a U.S. probability sample (n=1,055), only 18.4% of women said intercourse alone was sufficient for orgasm, while most reported needing or preferring clitoral stimulation during intercourse.

Your data: among bio-women (weighted n=88,752; raw n=108,298), asked "Can you have vaginal orgasms without clitoral stimulation?", 35.2% say No and 31.8% Rarely/with great effort — a combined 67.0% who can't reliably. Only 25.5% say Sometimes and just 7.6% Often/with low effort. So only about a third can do it at all reliably, and fewer than 1 in 13 do so easily. The base rate lands squarely in the predicted direction: vaginal-only orgasm is the minority experience.

165. Avoidant attachment → prefers porn to partnered sex Replicates

The claim: Attachment avoidance predicts a more solitary sexuality — preferring pornography over partnered intimacy — relative to secure attachment.

Best: Szymanski & Stewart-Richardson (2014), The Journal of Men's Studies 22(1), 64–82, doi:10.3149/jms.2201.64 — in young adult heterosexual men, pornography use was associated with more avoidant (and anxious) attachment, with avoidant individuals less sexually intimate with partners and using pornography as a low-intimacy outlet; cf. the Brennan & Shaver attachment framework.

Your data: a clean monotonic gradient in the predicted direction. On "porn is usually more satisfying than real sex" (-3 strongly disagree to +3 strongly agree), Secure respondents sit lowest at -1.81 [-1.91, -1.71], rising through Anxious -1.52 and Disorganized -1.16 to Avoidant highest at -1.06 [-1.30, -0.82] (weighted n=7,699). The Secure-vs-Avoidant gap (~0.76 points) has non-overlapping 95% CIs. The effect survives controlling for age and sex — residualizing on factor(age) + sex preserves the ordering (Secure -0.24 vs Avoidant +0.40, CIs still non-overlapping) — and holds in both sexes (women: Secure -1.71 vs Avoidant -0.76; men: Secure -1.85 vs Avoidant -1.30). Two honest caveats: every group's mean is negative, so even avoidant people on average lean toward disagreeing that porn beats real sex — this is a relative shift, not an absolute preference; and the outcome was only asked of a subset (most rows are missing), so this rests on ~7,700 answerers rather than the full sample. Within those limits, avoidant attachment clearly tracks a stronger lean toward solitary porn over partnered sex. Replicates.

166. Anxious attachment → reluctant to leave Replicates

The claim: Attachment anxiety predicts reluctance to leave relationships, reflecting fear of abandonment.

Best: Slotter & Finkel (2009), Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 35(1):85–100 — highly anxiously attached individuals sustain commitment and persist in relationships even when their needs go unmet, i.e. are reluctant to leave (PubMed).

Your data: 65.0% of anxiously-attached respondents agreed "I usually don't leave romantic relationships unless there's a very serious violation" (95% CI 64.0–65.9), the highest of any style — vs 58.9% secure, 55.5% disorganized, and just 41.3% avoidant (39.4–43.1). Overall agreement was 58.4% (weighted n=88,745). The anxious-high / avoidant-low gradient is exactly as predicted and survives age control (age-adjusted GLM vs secure: anxious +0.26 logit, p≈3e-45; avoidant −0.72, p≈4e-167). Note: this item was only asked of female respondents, so the result is female-only and no sex-split is possible. Within that caveat, the data cleanly replicate Slotter & Finkel — anxious attachment tracks the highest leaving threshold (most reluctant to leave), avoidant the lowest.

167. Orientation → femininity preference (women) Replicates

The claim: Among women, sexual orientation shifts partner-presentation preference along the masculine-feminine axis, with gynephilic (lesbian) women preferring more feminine partners than straight women.

Best: Zhang (2022), Archives of Sexual Behavior 51(7):3485–3495 — gynephilic (lesbian/bisexual) women prefer feminized faces, voice, and personality traits, mirroring heterosexual men's preferences. link

Your data: restricting to women, mean attraction to masculine (+3) vs feminine (-3) presentation drops sharply across orientation — straight women +2.38 [2.38, 2.39] (n=198,656), bisexual women -0.07 [-0.08, -0.06] (n=53,375), lesbians -1.29 [-1.31, -1.27] (n=27,714); weighted n=279,745. A clean, monotonic gynephilia gradient: straight women strongly prefer masculine partners, bi women sit near neutral, and lesbians clearly prefer feminine partners. Replicates Zheng & Zheng — orientation tracks the masc/fem presentation preference in the predicted direction.

168. Bisexual identity → mixed-gender ('Both') partnering Replicates

The claim: Bisexual identity predicts partnering across genders — behavior tracks identity, with bisexuals far more likely to be partnered with 'both' a man and a woman than straight or gay respondents.

Best: see Copen, Chandra & Febo-Vazquez (2016), National Health Statistics Reports No. 88 (NSFG) — bisexual-identified adults report partners of more than one sex at far higher rates than heterosexual or gay/lesbian respondents. link

Your data: Among partnered respondents, 6.2% of bisexuals report currently being with 'both' a man and a woman, vs 2.7% of gay and just 0.33% of straight respondents (weighted n=57,981) — a clean monotonic gradient with non-overlapping 95% CIs. The effect survives the sex split: bisexual women 5.6% vs gay 2.9% vs straight 0.4%, and bisexual men 8.2% vs gay 2.4% vs straight 0.3%. Bisexual identity predicts mixed-gender partnering roughly 19x the straight rate, robustly across sexes. Clear replication of the claim that partnering behavior tracks bisexual identity.

169. Openness → supernatural belief Reversed

The claim: Openness to experience predicts greater belief in the supernatural/paranormal.

Best: Smith, Johnson & Hathaway (2009), Individual Differences Research 7(2), 85–96 — all six Openness-to-Experience facets correlated positively with paranormal belief, with Fantasy the strongest predictor.

Your data: the predicted link runs backwards. Rating "I find the existence of the supernatural plausible (ghosts, energy healing, astrology)" on a -3..+3 scale, mean plausibility falls as openness rises — from 0.93 at the lowest openness (≤-4) down to 0.70 at the highest (≥+4), a gap of -0.23. The decline is smooth and monotonic across the whole openness range with tight 95% CIs (weighted n=301,308; weighted r=-0.03). The effect isn't a confound artifact: age-residualizing leaves it slightly negative (r=-0.027), and it's near-zero in both sexes (women r=+0.02, men r=-0.02). The textbook Openness→paranormal-belief correlation is not seen here — if anything, more open respondents found the supernatural slightly less plausible.

170. Sex motivation → more partners Replicates

The claim: Higher motivation to pursue real-life sexual encounters predicts more lifetime sexual partners.

Best: Kalichman & Rompa (1995), J. Personality Assessment 65(3):586–601, PMID 8609589 — the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale corresponds to a greater number of sexual partners in both men and women.

Your data: lifetime partners (capped at 50) climb steadily with self-reported sexual motivation. Age- and sex-adjusted means rise from 3.2 partners at "strongly disagree" to 4.5 at "neutral" to 8.1 at "strongly agree" — roughly +1.5 partners per step up the 5-point scale (adjusted slope +1.46, p<1e-100). Controlling for age and sex barely dents the effect (unadjusted slope +1.65), and it holds in both sexes (women +1.3, men +1.5 per step). Weighted n≈4,200 (13,045 respondents). The motivation-to-partners link replicates cleanly and is not an age or sex artifact. Note this is self-reported, correlational and cross-sectional — motivation and partner count are measured at the same moment, so it cannot show that drive causes the partners (or vice versa).

171. Bad at dating → fewer partners Replicates

The claim: Poorer self-perceived dating/courtship competence predicts fewer lifetime sexual partners.

Best: The courtship-competence → mating-success direction is illustrated by mate-attraction research such as Back, Penke, Schmukle, Sachse, Borkenau & Asendorpf (2011), European Journal of Personality, 25(2), 120–132, where observed flirting/courtship behavior predicted real-life speed-dating mate choices. Backup: For self-perceived dating success specifically as it relates to actual partner counts, see e.g. sociosexuality work such as Penke & Asendorpf (2008), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1113–1135. Treat as illustrative; the speed-dating measures here are mate choice, not lifetime partner totals.

Your data: lifetime partners (capped at 50) fall steadily as self-rated dating skill drops. People who strongly disagree they're "bad at dating" average 9.4 partners; this declines monotonically through 7.4, 5.3, 3.9, down to 2.2 for those who strongly agree they're bad at dating — a roughly 4x gradient (weighted n=13,045). Controlling for age and sex, each step up the "bad at dating" scale costs about 1.6 partners (p<1e-100), and the gradient survives fully residualizing partner count on age. It holds in both sexes, steeply in men (11.9 → 1.8) and more gently in women (peak ~6.6 at mild disagreement, down to 3.0). Clear replication of the courtship-competence → mating-success link, though this is self-reported, correlational, and cross-sectional — low dating confidence and few partners likely reinforce each other rather than one simply causing the other.

172. Higher sex drive → more partners Replicates

The claim: Higher trait sexual desire predicts more lifetime sexual partners, especially in men.

Best: see e.g. Ostovich & Sabini (2004), Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30(10):1255–1266 — sex drive is positively correlated with lifetime number of sexual partners (though when sociosexual orientation is also controlled, sociosexuality is the stronger independent predictor). Illustrative of the bivariate sex-drive/partner-count association rather than a clean within-sex effect.

Your data: a clean dose-response. Among people who reported being "not at all" horny in the last 24h, age-adjusted mean lifetime partners (capped at 50) was 4.9 for men and 5.4 for women; this climbs monotonically through "a little" and "moderately" to 8.3 (men) and 9.0 (women) among the "real horny" group — non-overlapping 95% CIs across the whole range. In an age-controlled weighted regression each step up the 4-point horniness scale adds about +1.25 partners overall (+1.45 men, +1.18 women, both p<1e-100), so the gradient is slightly steeper in men, matching Lippa. Weighted n=85,312. Replicates — though this is a same-day mood item used as a proxy for trait desire, and the data are cross-sectional and self-reported, so reverse/shared causation can't be excluded.

173. Need for control → dominance arousal Replicates

The claim: Dispositional need for control/power predicts preference for the dominant sexual role.

Best: Jansen, Fried & Chamberlain (2021), Journal of Sexual Medicine 18(3):549-555 — BDSM practitioners who identify as dominant score significantly higher on trait/interpersonal dominance (PAI Dominance scale) than switches, who in turn score higher than submissives, supporting that dispositional need for control predicts preference for the dominant sexual role. link

Your data: "I need to feel in control" tracks dominance arousal in a clean, monotonic gradient. Mean agreement with "aroused by being dominant" climbs from -0.33 among those who reject needing control (incontrol=-3) to +0.49 at the midpoint and +0.92 among those who strongly need control (+3) — on a -3..+3 scale. Weighted r = 0.12 overall (effective weighted n ≈ 155k; complete-case n = 468,520). The effect holds within each sex and is slightly stronger in men (r = 0.23) than women (r = 0.16), so it is not a sex artifact. Residualizing dominance arousal on narcissism and agreeableness leaves the association essentially unchanged (partial r = 0.13), so it is not just narcissism. Replicates: dispositional need for control predicts dominance arousal. Correlational and cross-sectional — self-reported trait and self-reported arousal, no causal claim.

174. Low agreeableness → dominance arousal Confounded

The claim: Lower agreeableness is associated with more dominance-oriented sexuality.

Best: see e.g. Allen & Walter (2018), Psychological Bulletin — meta-analysis finding lower agreeableness relates to more sexually aggressive/dominance-oriented behavior (r = −.20). link Backup: Wismeijer & van Assen (2013), Journal of Sexual Medicine — BDSM practitioners score lower on agreeableness, most so in dominant roles. link

Your data: the predicted direction shows up, but it is weak and mostly explained by other things. Across everyone, mean arousal at "being dominant in sexual interactions" (-3..+3) falls steadily from +1.11 in the least-agreeable group (≤-4) to +0.58 in the most-agreeable (≥+4); overall weighted correlation r = -0.08 (n = 468,608). But sex drives most of it: men sit uniformly high (~+1.5) almost regardless of agreeableness, while the gradient lives mostly within women (+0.12 at low agreeableness down to -0.11 at high). Controlling for sex roughly halves the slope (-0.054 → -0.022), and adding narcissism shrinks it to -0.008 (still significant at p=0.001, but trivially small). So the Schmitt & Buss direction replicates, but as a faint, sex-and-narcissism-confounded effect rather than a strong standalone personality signal. Self-report, correlational, cross-sectional.

175. Low conscientiousness → porn-induced fetishes Weak / mostly null

The claim: Impulsivity / low conscientiousness predicts greater porn-driven fetish escalation or acquisition of novel sexual interests.

Best: Bocci Benucci et al. (2024), J. Sexual Medicine 21(10):922–939 — meta-analysis finding a moderate positive association between impulsivity and (problematic) pornography use. link Backup: the related habituation/novelty ("Coolidge-effect") literature is sometimes invoked for escalation toward novel sexual content, but a direct low-conscientiousness→fetish-acquisition link is not established by a single study and should be read as illustrative.

Your data: the direction matches but the effect is trivially small. Across the conscientiousness composite (order minus "shirk duties"), mean induced-fetish score (0=No … 3=new & totally different) falls only from ~1.69 at the lowest conscientiousness to ~1.57 at the highest — a ~0.1 shift on a 0–3 scale. Weighted correlation r=−0.011; bivariate slope −0.0051 per point (p<0.001, significant only because n=431,104). The share reporting any induced fetish is essentially flat (~82–84%) across all bins. Controlling for porn frequency, openness, and age nearly erases it (slope −0.0015, p=0.038), with porn frequency (pornhabit β=0.13) the dominant predictor. The slope is also sex-dependent: near-zero in women (−0.0002) and small in men (−0.0049). Verdict: weak/mostly null — correct-signed but negligible in size, largely a proxy for how much porn someone consumes, and absent in women. Self-report, cross-sectional, correlational.

176. Bad at dating → porn over partnered sex Replicates

The claim: People who struggle with real-life courtship are more likely to rate pornography as more satisfying than partnered sex.

Best: No single study directly tests this; framed as illustrative of sexual-substitution / mate-deprivation models. See e.g. Wright, Sun, Steffen & Tokunaga (2019), Sexual and Relationship Therapy 34(4) — a "preference for pornographic over partnered sexual excitement" predicts lower partnered sexual satisfaction. Backup: Pizzol, Bertoldo & Foresta (2016), Int. J. of Adolescent Medicine & Health 28(2):169-173 — earlier/heavier adolescent porn exposure is linked to reduced interest in, and satisfaction with, partnered sex (general association, not a direct test of courtship difficulty).

Your data: a clean dose-response gradient. As self-rated 'I am bad at dating' climbs from strong-disagree to strong-agree, the mean rating of 'porn is more satisfying than sex with a real person' (-3 to +3) rises monotonically from -1.75 to -1.13 (weighted r = 0.12, weighted n ≈ 8,200). The effect survives age residualization (r = 0.12) and a weighted regression controlling for sex, age, and relationship status (badatdating coefficient holds at +0.15, p < 0.001), and appears in both sexes (women r = 0.14, men r = 0.11). Important context: nearly everyone disagrees overall (group mean -1.51; only 26% rate porn at least as satisfying), so worse daters don't flip to preferring porn — they're just markedly less negative about it. Directionally consistent with the substitution claim, though correlational and cross-sectional, so causation is unproven.

177. Narcissism → likes being catcalled Replicates

The claim: Narcissism predicts enjoyment of admiration and attention, including sexual objectification directed at the self — so self-rated narcissists should feel more positively about being catcalled.

Best: Morf & Rhodewalt (2001), Psychological Inquiry 12:177-196 — the dynamic self-regulatory model casts narcissism as organized around the chronic goal of obtaining continuous external self-affirmation and admiration. Backup: Back et al. (2013), JPSP 105:1013-1037 — admiration-seeking (charm, grandiosity, striving for uniqueness) is a core dimension of narcissism in the NARQ model. (Supports the general admiration/attention-seeking mechanism; neither directly tests reactions to catcalling.)

Your data: across 82,239 weighted respondents, higher self-rated narcissism tracks more positive feelings about being catcalled (weighted r = 0.13). The gradient is monotonic: pooled mean catcall rating (−2 awful … +2 awesome) climbs from +0.17 at the most non-narcissistic end (≤−2) to +0.34, +0.33, +0.53, and +0.64 at the most narcissistic (≥+2). Because women are catcalled more and rate it far more negatively, we split by sex — and the effect holds in both. Women: mean rises from −0.25 (least narcissistic) to +0.25 (most), r = 0.11, n = 41,539. Men: from +0.51 to +0.82, r = 0.10, n = 40,700, even though men feel much more positive about catcalls overall. The slope survives the main confound, so this is a genuine within-sex association rather than a sex artifact. Replicates Campbell et al. (2002). Caveats: self-report, correlational, cross-sectional, and we could not control for self-rated attractiveness (no such column), which may inflate the link.

178. Sex → erotic interest in opposite-gender pairings Replicates

The claim: Men are more aroused than women by watching two other-sex people together (a man's "opposite gender" pairing is F/F, a woman's is M/M).

Best: see e.g. Chivers, Rieger, Latty & Bailey (2004), Psychological Science 15(11):736–744, PMID 15482445 — men show category-specific arousal (much stronger to their preferred sex than to the non-preferred sex), whereas women respond more similarly to both; illustrative of the broader sex difference rather than a direct test of arousal to other-sex pairings.

Your data: on a -3 to +3 agreement scale ("I find it erotic when two people of the opposite gender to me sexually interact"), men averaged +1.22 [95% CI 1.218-1.230] versus women +0.47 [0.464-0.474] — men score 0.76 points higher (raw, weighted n=1,071,080). Because "opposite gender" means F/F for men and M/M for women, this is a clean test of the claim, and it holds. Restricting to heterosexual respondents (removing the orientation confound) widens the gap rather than shrinking it: men +1.56 vs women +0.28. Self-report and correlational, but the sex difference is large, monotonic, and robust. Clear replication of Chivers et al. (2004).

179. Extraversion → more likely partnered Replicates

The claim: Extraverts are more likely to be in a romantic relationship.

Best: Stern, Krämer, Schumacher, MacDonald & Richter (2024), Psychological Science 35(12):1364–1381 — in a large SHARE sample (N = 77,064), lifelong singles scored lower on extraversion than ever-partnered individuals, i.e. extraversion is associated with being partnered. Backup: Malouff et al. (2010), Journal of Research in Personality 44:124–127 — meta-analysis linking higher extraversion to greater relationship satisfaction among intimate partners.

Your data: a clean, monotonic gradient. The share currently partnered climbs from 48.9% among the least extraverted (composite ≤-4) to 59.8% among the most extraverted (≥+4) — about an 11-point spread. Pooling the tails, 51.0% of introverts (≤-2) are partnered vs 59.4% of extraverts (≥+2). The effect is not an age artifact: in a weighted logistic model the extraversion coefficient barely moves after controlling for age and sex (0.054 → 0.051, both p < 1e-300). One caveat — it is strongly sex-dependent: among men the partnered rate rises 14 points across the extraversion range (48.9% → 63.3%), but among women it is nearly flat (53.1% → 54.5%, ~1.4 points). Weighted n = 481,559. Plain verdict: replicates clearly overall, driven mainly by men; correlational and cross-sectional, so direction of causation is not established.

180. Polyamory orientation → better casual sex Replicates (women)

The claim: People oriented toward non-monogamy report more positive experiences with casual sex.

Best: Conley, Piemonte, Gusakova & Rubin (2018), J. Social and Personal Relationships 35(4) — people in consensually non-monogamous relationships report equivalent-to-higher sexual satisfaction than monogamous people (swingers highest). link

Your data: among women (the hookup item was asked of women only, weighted n=48,793), mean hookup-experience rating climbs cleanly with polyamory orientation: very-monogamous women sit at essentially neutral (-0.01, 95% CI -0.04 to +0.02), rising through slightly-poly (+0.45) to very-polyamorous (+0.59, 95% CI +0.49 to +0.69) on the -2 (really bad) to +2 (really good) scale. The gradient is monotonic across all seven levels (weighted r=0.14) and survives controlling for age (age-residualized means still run from -0.12 to +0.45). Replicates the predicted direction. Caveats: this is women only, self-reported, and cross-sectional/correlational — causality is unresolved (e.g., women who have had bad casual sex may drift toward monogamy rather than orientation driving experience).

181. Sex work → more sexual partners Replicates

The claim: People who have done sex work report more lifetime sexual partners.

Best: Brewer, Potterat, Garrett et al. (2000), PNAS 97(22):12385-8 — sex workers (prostitute women) report very high numbers of sexual partners relative to the general population. link Backup: see e.g. Vanwesenbeeck (2001), Annual Review of Sex Research 12:242-289, a review of sex-work research.

Your data: people who've done sex work report a mean of 17.6 lifetime partners (95% CI 16.9-18.3) versus 5.3 for everyone else (95% CI 5.2-5.4), with partner counts capped at 50; weighted n=166,624 (8,593 sex workers). The gap is large in both sexes (women 17.9 vs 5.2; men 17.1 vs 5.4) and persists across age strata (e.g. age 18-24: 10.9 vs 2.3; age 25-34: 22.4 vs 10.0). Adjusting for age and sex in a weighted regression, sex work still predicts about +10.3 additional partners (p<0.001). Clear replication. Caveats: this is self-reported, correlational, and cross-sectional — direction of causality is undetermined. The count uses each respondent's own definition of "sex," so it may or may not include paid clients, which could partly inflate the sex-worker figure.

182. Sex work → mental-health conditions Confounded (selection)

The claim: Sex workers are not uniformly more psychologically distressed than the general population — contra the 'damaged sex worker' stereotype, the gap should be small/modest rather than dramatic.

Best: Evidence here is mixed and context-dependent rather than settled: several studies in legalized/indoor settings — e.g. Rössler et al. (2010), Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 122(2):143-152 (Zurich) and Krumrei-Mancuso (2017), Archives of Sexual Behavior 46(6):1843-1856 (Netherlands) — find distress closer to general-population levels, whereas broader meta-analyses (e.g. Martín-Romo et al., 2023, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica) report elevated depression, PTSD and anxiety. Outcomes track working conditions (violence, safety, legal status) more than sex work per se, so the "uniformly damaged" stereotype is not supported even though a clean null gap is not established. Backup: Benoit, Jansson, Smith & Flagg (2018), Journal of Sex Research 55(4-5):457-471 — on stigma as a fundamental driver of sex workers' health outcomes (illustrative of the conditions-not-character framing).

Your data: respondents who report having done sex work carry markedly more self-reported moderate-to-severe mental-health conditions than those who haven't — a weighted mean of 3.74 conditions (95% CI 3.61–3.87) vs 2.01 (1.99–2.03), roughly +1.7 conditions or 86% higher (weighted n=167,963; sex-worker cell n=8,777). On the binary cut, 84.8% of sex workers report at least one condition vs 67.1% of others. The gap holds within each sex (Female 4.30 vs 2.72; Male 3.06 vs 1.54), so it isn't driven by sex workers skewing more female. Rather than the small/modest difference the de-stigmatization framing predicts, the raw elevation is large — but this is precisely the comparison most vulnerable to selection (people with prior distress are likelier to both enter sex work and to check more boxes), so BKS can't cleanly test, let alone refute, whether sex work itself harms wellbeing. Caveats: this is self-report, cross-sectional, and correlational — it cannot separate any effect of sex work itself from trauma/childhood-adversity selection (people with prior distress are likelier to both enter sex work and check more boxes), and it says nothing about causation or direction.

183. Autism → less exclusively hetero Replicates

The claim: Autistic people show elevated rates of non-heterosexual orientation.

Best: George & Stokes (2018), “Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder,” Autism Research — 69.7% of autistic adults reported non-heterosexual orientation vs 30.3% of comparison adults. Backup: Weir, Allison & Baron-Cohen (2021), “The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults,” Autism Research — autistic adults less likely to report heterosexuality (n = 2,386).

Your data: Self-reported autistic respondents score notably lower on composite_hetero (a sex-relative blend of genital- and visual-gender attraction, higher = more exclusively hetero) in both sexes. Women: 2.11 (non-autistic, n=235,066) vs 1.21 (autistic, n=44,679). Men: 2.49 (non-autistic, n=170,579) vs 1.97 (autistic, n=31,236). All four group CIs are non-overlapping; the gap is larger in women but clearly present in both. Weighted n=481,560. Replicates: autism tracks with less exclusively heterosexual attraction. Self-reported autism (checkbox, "moderate to severe"), correlational and cross-sectional.

184. Autism → fewer sexual partners Sex-dependent

The claim: Autistic adults report fewer lifetime sexual partners / less sexual experience than non-autistic adults.

Best: Evidence is mixed, but see e.g. Motamed et al. (2025), BMC Psychiatry — a systematic review reporting that some studies find autistic adults (especially males) are less likely to have had partnered sexual experiences than non-autistic peers, while others find no difference. link Backup: Byers, Nichols & Voyer (2013), Autism — sexual well-being in autistic adults (within-group, illustrative).

Your data: self-reported autistic respondents report fewer lifetime partners overall (5.37 vs 6.58 weighted mean, partners capped at 50; weighted n=477,940). The gap survives controlling for age (autism sits ~0.39 partners below its age-expected level vs +0.04 for non-autistic). But it is strongly sex-dependent: among men the autism gap is large and robust after age control (residual -0.74; raw 4.96 vs 6.44), whereas among women it nearly vanishes once age is controlled (residual +0.08; raw 5.80 vs 6.73). So the claim replicates clearly for men but is weak-to-absent for women. Self-report (autism not clinically confirmed), correlational and cross-sectional — no causal or directional inference.

185. Autism → age at first sex Reversed

The claim: Autistic people tend to have their first sexual experience later (Dewinter et al. 2017).

Best: Dewinter, Vermeiren, Vanwesenbeeck & Van Nieuwenhuizen (2016), European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 25(9):969–978 — autistic adolescent boys were more likely than matched peers to report no partnered sexual experience. link

Your data: among the 313,599 weighted respondents who reported an age at first penetrative sex, those self-reporting (moderate-to-severe) autism debuted slightly EARLIER, not later — mean 16.75 yrs (95% CI 16.69–16.81) vs 17.18 yrs (17.16–17.20) for non-autistic respondents. Controlling for current age (debut recency), autistic respondents sit about 0.16 yrs below their age-matched peers (resid −0.16, CI −0.21 to −0.11). The gap is entirely female-driven: autistic women debut ~0.32 yrs earlier than age-matched non-autistic women (CI −0.39 to −0.25), while autistic men show no difference (−0.01, CI −0.09 to +0.07). This reverses the cited "later debut" claim. Two caveats temper a hard reversal: (1) this is a heavily kink-skewed self-selected sample with self-reported autism, not a clinical population; (2) ~168k respondents who answered "I haven't had sex" are excluded as missing — if autistic people are likelier to never debut, this conditional-on-debut analysis would miss the "less experience overall" half of Dewinter. Among those who do debut, the direction is reversed and female-specific.

186. Sociopathy → broader kink repertoire Replicates

The claim: Antisocial / dark-triad traits correlate with a broader repertoire of sexual interests.

Best: Baughman, Jonason, Veselka & Vernon (2014), “Four shades of sexual fantasies linked to the Dark Triad,” Personality & Individual Differences 67, 47–51, doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.034 — psychopathy linked to exploratory, impersonal, and sadomasochistic fantasies and higher sex drive. Backup: see e.g. the broader literature linking psychopathic/antisocial traits to a wider range of paraphilic and deviant sexual interests (illustrative, not a single canonical source).

Your data: respondents who self-report sociopathy ("moderate to severe") endorse a mean of 8.96 fetish categories (95% CI 8.81–9.11) versus 7.58 for everyone else (95% CI 7.56–7.60) — about +1.4 more interests, with non-overlapping CIs (weighted n=481,560; sociopathy cell n=6,626). The gap is essentially identical in both sexes (Female 9.06 vs 7.67; Male 8.92 vs 7.50), so it is not a sex artifact. Consistent with the dark-triad / sexual-exploration literature. Caveats: sociopathy is self-reported (a checkbox, not a clinical diagnosis), the sample is kink-saturated, and the association is correlational and cross-sectional — it shows a co-occurrence, not that antisocial traits cause broader interests.

187. Self-reported coercion → arousal to giving pain Replicates

The claim: Self-reported sexual coercion is associated with greater eroticized arousal to inflicting pain.

Best: Lohr, Adams & Davis (1997), Journal of Abnormal Psychology 106(2), 230–242 — self-reported sexually coercive men show greater genital arousal to force/aggression cues and fail to inhibit arousal when force is introduced. PMID 9131843. Backup: Russell & King (2016), Personality and Individual Differences 99, 340–345 — everyday (esp. physical) sadism predicts male sexual aggression and coercion.

Your data: A clean, monotonic dose-response. Among the 481,560 weighted respondents, mean arousal to giving pain (0-5 scale) rose with self-reported coercion: 0.74 for those reporting no such experience (n=453,772), 1.15 "slightly" (n=23,104), 1.31 "significantly" (n=2,889), and 1.54 "extremely" (n=1,795), with non-overlapping 95% CIs across the gradient. The pattern holds in both sexes but is steeper in men (0.83 to 1.88) than women (0.64 to 1.11). This is a self-report, cross-sectional, correlational association, not evidence of causation; the predictor asks whether the respondent ever had sex with someone they knew did not want it (explicitly excluding consensual nonconsent). Direction and gradient match the literature, so the finding replicates, with the caveat that the effect is markedly sex-dependent.

188. Higher BMI → feederism arousal Not seen

The claim: Higher body weight is associated with greater feederism (feeder/feedee) erotic interest.

Best: see e.g. Terry, Suschinsky, Lalumière & Vasey (2012), “Feederism: An Exaggeration of a Normative Mate Selection Preference?”, Archives of Sexual Behavior 41:249–260 (PubMed) — characterizes feederism as eroticizing feeding and weight gain, framed as a partner-directed size preference. Note: illustrative of the feederism construct only; available sources do not establish that a person’s own higher BMI predicts greater feederism interest (study samples cluster around healthy BMI), so no direct support for an own-weight→arousal correlation is cited.

Your data: across 5,635 respondents who answered the feedism item ("I find feedism/feederism to be:", 0-8 arousal), the weighted correlation between BMI and feedism arousal is essentially zero (r = 0.003; age-residualized r = 0.015). The predicted gradient is absent: binned mean arousal runs 1.15 (BMI <18.5), 1.00 (18.5-25), 1.01 (25-30), 0.92 (30-35), 0.92 (35+) — flat to slightly reversed, with underweight respondents scoring highest and obese respondents lowest, and all CIs overlapping. The two sexes disagree weakly (women r = 0.10, men r = -0.04), so there is no coherent positive signal even after splitting. The claim that higher body weight tracks feederism interest is not seen here. Note: the feedism item was added late in fielding, so n is far smaller than other kink items; this is correlational and cross-sectional and cannot speak to direction or causation.

189. Finger length (2D:4D proxy) → orientation Not seen

The claim: A more masculinized digit ratio (longer ring finger, lower 2D:4D) is associated with same-sex attraction, especially in women.

Best: Williams et al. (2000), Nature 404:455–456 — finger-length (2D:4D) ratios differ by sexual orientation, with homosexual women showing more masculinized (lower) ratios. PMID 10761903

Your data: respondents reported which finger is longer (pointer to ring, -2..+2, a crude single-item 2D:4D proxy) against the hetero composite, split by sex (weighted n=12,315). In women, mean hetero score is flat across the whole range — 2.10 at "pointer definitely," 2.15 at "equal," 2.06 at "ring definitely" — with overlapping CIs and a weighted correlation of just r=-0.005. The predicted "more ring-dominant → less exclusively hetero" gradient, supposedly strongest in women, is absent. In men it's likewise flat (2.36 to 2.44; r=+0.025), if anything tilting the trivially-opposite way. This does not replicate Williams et al. (2000). Caveats: the predictor is a coarse self-reported proxy, not a physical measurement, so attenuation toward null is expected; correlational and cross-sectional.

190. Conscientiousness: women slightly higher Replicates

The claim: Women score slightly higher than men in conscientiousness, especially orderliness.

Best: Schmitt, Realo, Voracek & Allik (2008), J. Personality & Social Psychology 94:168–182 (55 nations, N=17,637) — women report modestly higher Conscientiousness across most cultures. Backup: Weisberg, DeYoung & Hirsh (2011), Frontiers in Psychology — the difference is carried by the Orderliness aspect (women higher, d=0.18), with little net difference at the broad Conscientiousness level.

Your data: women average 1.19 on the 2-item conscientiousness composite (95% CI 1.18–1.19) vs men 1.07 (95% CI 1.06–1.07), n=1,071,342 (unweighted, since sex is a raking variable). The gap is highly significant (p<2e-16) but small (Cohen's d≈0.06), exactly the "small" effect the literature predicts. Direction (women > men) holds and is robust to controlling for age — adjusting for age actually widens the male deficit slightly, while conscientiousness rises with age (~0.05/yr). The composite is a coarse 2-item proxy (orderliness "I like order" minus duty-shirking "I shirk my duties"), self-report and cross-sectional, so the magnitude should be read as approximate; nonetheless the predicted small female advantage replicates clearly.

191. Openness (ideas facet) → men score higher Replicates

The claim: On the ideas/intellect facet of openness, men tend to score slightly higher, even though overall openness sex differences are mixed and facet-dependent.

Best: Weisberg, DeYoung & Hirsh (2011), Frontiers in Psychology — openness sex differences are aspect-specific: men score higher on the Intellect aspect, women higher on the Openness aspect (Aesthetics/Feelings). Backup: Costa, Terracciano & McCrae (2001), J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. — across 26 cultures, men higher on Openness to Ideas, women higher on Openness to Feelings.

Your data: on a 2-item ideas-facet composite ("I have excellent ideas" minus "I have difficulty understanding abstract ideas", range -6 to +6), men average 2.22 [95% CI 2.21, 2.23] vs women 1.57 [1.57, 1.58] — a 0.64-point gap (Cohen's d = 0.28, p < 2e-16, n = 1,071,343). The predicted direction holds clearly: men score higher on the ideas/intellect facet of openness. The effect is small-to-moderate and, given the enormous sample, more sharply estimated than the "mixed" literature implies — but directionally it matches. Caveats: raw/unweighted, self-report, cross-sectional, and a coarse 2-item Big-Five proxy that taps only the ideas facet, not global openness (where sex differences genuinely wash out).

192. Extraversion → little sex difference No difference

The claim: Global extraversion shows a negligible sex difference (any split shows up only at the facet level: women higher on warmth, men higher on assertiveness).

Best: Weisberg, DeYoung & Hirsh (2011), Frontiers in Psychology — “Gender Differences in Personality across the Ten Aspects of the Big Five”; sex differences in Extraversion diverge at the aspect level, rendering the global difference small or undetectable (women higher Enthusiasm/warmth, men higher Assertiveness).

Your data: on a 2-item extraversion proxy ("I am the life of the party" minus "I am quiet around strangers", scored −6 to +6), women average −1.89 (95% CI −1.90 to −1.88, n=665,971) and men average −1.84 (95% CI −1.85 to −1.84, n=405,372), total n=1,071,343 (raw/unweighted, since sex is a raking variable). The gap is 0.05 scale points — Cohen's d = −0.02, i.e. statistically detectable (p≈9e-16) only because the sample is over a million people, but practically nil. This is a clean replication of the predicted near-null global sex difference. Caveats: self-report, cross-sectional, and a 2-item proxy is a coarse stand-in for full-Big-Five extraversion — it can't speak to the warmth-vs-assertiveness facet split where literature does expect divergence.

193. Narcissism: men > women Replicates

The claim: Men score reliably higher than women in narcissism.

Best: Grijalva et al. (2015), Psychological Bulletin (meta-analysis, n > 475k) — men score modestly but reliably higher in narcissism than women.

Your data: men agree more with "I am a narcissist" (mean -0.87, 95% CI [-0.88, -0.86], n=79,265) than women (mean -1.04, 95% CI [-1.05, -1.03], n=96,607); difference 0.17 points on a -3 to +3 scale, t=20.8, p<2.2e-16, n=175,872. The predicted direction (men > women) holds, but the effect is small (Cohen's d=0.10, vs the meta's d≈0.26). Both sexes lean toward disagreeing — men just disagree less. Adjusting for age widens the gap rather than explaining it (age-adjusted M-F diff 0.28), so age is not a confound here. Limitations: a single coarse self-label item, self-report, raw/unweighted, and cross-sectional.

194. Men more motivated to seek real-life sex Replicates

The claim: Men report greater unrestricted sociosexuality, including stronger motivation to pursue real-life sexual encounters.

Best: Schmitt (2005), Behavioral & Brain Sciences, 28(2), 247–275 — 48-nation study finding sex differences in unrestricted sociosexuality are large and cross-culturally universal (men higher). Cambridge Core. Backup: Simpson & Gangestad (1991), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology — original Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI) validation.

Your data: on the item "I am very motivated to seek out real-life sexual encounters" (-2 to +2), men averaged 0.26 (95% CI 0.24-0.28, n=13,875) versus 0.07 for women (95% CI 0.05-0.09, n=15,069); total n=28,944. The male-female gap of 0.19 points is highly significant (p≈4e-41) and points in the predicted direction. The difference survives adjustment for age (age-controlled sex coefficient 0.18, p≈2e-34), so it is not driven by the age composition of the two groups. The effect size is small (Cohen's d≈0.16). This replicates Schmitt's (2005) cross-national finding that men are more unrestricted in sociosexuality. Limitations: single self-report item, cross-sectional and correlational; raw (unweighted) data; sample skews young (median age 20).

195. Men prefer non-monogamy more Replicates

The claim: Men are more open to non-monogamy / polyamorous relationship styles than women.

Best: Moors, Gesselman & Garcia (2021), Frontiers in Psychology — in a national U.S. sample, men were nearly three times more likely than women to report a desire to engage in polyamory, and over twice as likely to report prior engagement. link Backup: Schmitt (2005), Behavioral and Brain Sciences — 48-nation study finding men report substantially more unrestricted sociosexuality (greater openness to sex outside committed relationships).

Your data: on a -3 (very monogamous) to +3 (very polyamorous) scale, men average -1.78 (95% CI -1.78 to -1.77) versus -2.03 for women (95% CI -2.03 to -2.02), a 0.25-point gap in the predicted direction (Welch t = -75.5, p < 2.2e-16, n = 1,071,349). On a binary cut, 12.5% of men but only 8.7% of women lean at least slightly polyamorous. Men are reliably more open to non-monogamy, matching Schmitt (2005) and Conley et al. (2011). The difference is small but extremely robust given the sample size. Caveats: both sexes skew strongly monogamous (a kink-recruited, non-representative sample, so absolute levels shouldn't be read as population rates); single-item, self-report, cross-sectional; raw/unweighted since sex is a raking variable.

196. Sex → 'free use' fantasy endorsement Replicates

The claim: Men more often eroticize low-negotiation 'free use' (open sexual access) fantasies than women.

Best: Schmitt et al. (2003), "Universal sex differences in the desire for sexual variety," J. Personality & Social Psychology 85(1):85–104 — across 52 nations, men more than women desire sexual variety and want sex sooner with less investment/negotiation (PubMed). Backup: Clark & Hatfield (1989), J. Psychology & Human Sexuality — men far more receptive than women to immediate, no-negotiation casual-sex offers.

Your data: On a −3 to +3 agreement scale ("I find free-use dynamics — one partner can sexually use the other without asking — erotic"), men average 1.11 [1.10, 1.11] vs women 0.75 [0.74, 0.75] (Welch t=−66.9, p<2.2e-16; n=227,757 men / 268,500 women, unweighted). At the endorsement threshold (any agreement, >0), 71.0% [70.8, 71.2] of men vs 63.8% [63.6, 64.0] of women find it erotic. The men>women direction matches Lehmiller's prediction and the gap is sizable and highly significant. Caveats: self-report, cross-sectional, single item; ~54% of respondents have no answer (survey branch missingness, treated as missing not as 0 — the scale carries its own 0 midpoint).

197. Group / multi-partner sex arousal → higher in men Replicates

The claim: Men more often find multi-partner / group-sex scenarios arousing (Lehmiller 2018: multipartner sex is among the most common fantasies and is male-skewed in intensity).

Best: Ellis, B. J. & Symons, D. (1990), “Sex Differences in Sexual Fantasy: An Evolutionary Psychological Approach,” Journal of Sex Research, 27(4): 527–555 — men report fantasies involving partner variety and group sex far more than women (male:female ratio of roughly 4.2 on the group-sex item). Backup: Joyal, Cossette & Lapierre (2015), Journal of Sexual Medicine, 12(2): 328–340 — group sex / multiple-partner scenarios are among the most commonly reported fantasies and are reported more often by men; see also Lehmiller, J. J. (2018), Tell Me What You Want.

Your data: on the "I find sexual scenarios involving multiple partners to be…" arousal item (0-5, non-endorsers coded 0; full sample, n=1,071,350), men averaged 1.76 [95% CI 1.76-1.77] vs women 1.52 [1.51-1.52] — a +0.24-point male advantage (p<1e-300). Direction matches the prediction. Caveat: the gap is age-confounded — controlling for current age (factor(age_int)) shrinks it to +0.064 points (still p<1e-60), so most of the raw difference reflects the younger, more male-skewed end of the sample, but a robust male-higher residual remains. A modest but genuine replication. Self-report, cross-sectional, non-probability sample; "multiple partners" pools several sub-fantasies (threesomes, swinging, orgies, etc.).

198. Attachment style by sex Mixed

The claim: Women are modestly higher in anxious attachment and men higher in avoidant attachment (Del Giudice 2011 meta-analysis).

Best: Del Giudice (2011), Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(2), 193–214 — meta-analysis (113 samples, N = 66,132): women higher in attachment anxiety, men higher in attachment avoidance.

Your data: Among respondents picking one of the four styles (n=930,082 raw/unweighted; 583,924 women, 346,158 men), women report Anxious more than men (35.3% vs 28.8%; difference +6.5pp, 95% CI 6.3-6.7pp) — matching the prediction. But the avoidant half reverses: women report Avoidant MORE than men (13.2% vs 10.5%; +2.7pp, 95% CI 2.6-2.8pp), the opposite of the predicted men-higher pattern. Instead, men are far more likely to call themselves Secure (40.0% vs 18.2%) and women far more likely Disorganized (33.3% vs 20.8%). Overall sex difference is large and significant (chi-sq=55,111, df=3, p<2e-16). Verdict: mixed — anxious replicates, avoidant reverses. Caveats: this is a single-item self-labeled categorical measure (each person picks exactly one mutually-exclusive style), which is much coarser than and not directly comparable to the continuous ECR anxiety/avoidance dimensions Del Giudice meta-analyzed; "Don't know/not sure" (n≈141k) was excluded. Self-report, cross-sectional, correlational; raw unweighted (sex is a raking variable so weighting was inappropriate).

199. OCD → small sex difference? Skew larger than expected

The claim: Adult OCD is roughly equally prevalent across sexes, with only a slight female skew.

Best: Fawcett, Power & Fawcett (2020), J. Clin. Psychiatry 81(4):19r13085 — meta-analysis of 34 community studies: lifetime OCD ~1.5% in women vs ~1.0% in men (~1.6x), a small but consistent female preponderance in adults. link Backup: Ruscio, Stein, Chiu & Kessler (2010), Molecular Psychiatry 15(1):53-63 — NCS-R: odds of OCD onset ~2.1x higher in females (males skew earlier-onset). link

Your data: 11.9% of women (79,385/665,974) vs 7.2% of men (29,111/405,376) self-report moderate-to-severe OCD — a 4.7pp gap (95% CI 4.6–4.9pp), p<2e-16, n=1,071,350 (raw, unweighted). The direction matches the literature's "slight female skew," but the gap is proportionally large (women ~1.66x men), not the "roughly equal" picture Ruscio et al. (2010) describe for adults. Treat as a partial/weak replication: direction correct, magnitude inflated. Limitations: self-reported presence (checkbox tip "moderate to severe"), not a clinical diagnosis; cross-sectional, correlational; a kink-survey sample where women may over-endorse mental-health items, plausibly widening the gap.

200. ADHD by sex → men higher? Reversed

The claim: ADHD is more commonly reported in men, though the adult sex gap is narrower than in childhood.

Best: Willcutt (2012), Neurotherapeutics 9(3):490–499, doi:10.1007/s13311-012-0135-8 — meta-analytic review of DSM-IV ADHD prevalence; reports a male-skewed sex ratio (about 3:1 in community samples of youth), with adult samples consistently showing a narrower male-to-female gap than childhood samples.

Your data: self-reported moderate-to-severe ADHD is essentially flat by sex, and if anything slightly higher in women: 37.5% of women (249,993/665,974) [95% CI 37.4-37.7] vs 36.7% of men (148,901/405,376) [36.6-36.9], n=1,071,350 (raw/unweighted). The predicted male skew is not seen — the gap is reversed (women ≥ men by ~0.8 pp). With ~1.07M respondents the difference is statistically "significant" (non-overlapping CIs) but the effect is trivially small, so the honest read is that sex is essentially unrelated to ADHD self-report here, with no male advantage. This contradicts the childhood-clinical male skew of Willcutt (2012). Likely a self-selection/self-report artifact: clinical/childhood ADHD samples are heavily male, but adult self-reported ADHD gaps narrow or vanish, and a kink-survey audience may further flatten or invert it (women's adult ADHD is historically under-diagnosed and may be over-represented in self-report). Limitations: self-report checkbox (no clinical confirmation), correlational, cross-sectional, non-representative sample.

201. Earlier sexual debut → more partners Replicates

The claim: Earlier age at first penetrative sex predicts more lifetime sexual partners.

Best: Sandfort, Orr, Hirsch & Santelli (2008), American Journal of Public Health 98(1):155–161, 10.2105/AJPH.2006.097444 — early initiation of sexual intercourse was associated with an increased number of sexual partners.

Your data: a clean, monotonic dose-response. After adjusting for each respondent's current age (so this isn't just older people having had more time), mean lifetime partners (capped at 50) falls from 15.7 for those who debuted at age 14 or younger, to 11.6 at 16, 8.9 at 18, and just 3.2 for those who debuted at 21+ (n=275,870, 95% CI bands tight and non-overlapping across bins). Each extra year of delayed debut is associated with ~1.3 fewer lifetime partners (p<0.001); weighted partial correlation r=-0.33. Notably, controlling for current age strengthens the gradient rather than explaining it away, ruling out the main confound. The prediction's direction (earlier debut → more partners) holds robustly. Caveats: self-report, cross-sectional and correlational (no causal claim — earlier debut and more partners may share common causes like sociosexuality or sensation-seeking), and lifetime-partner counts are right-censored at 50.

202. Repressive upbringing → less porn use Weak / tiny effect

The claim: A sexually repressive or conservative upbringing predicts less pornography use in adulthood.

Best: Rasmussen & Bierman (2016), How does religious attendance shape trajectories of pornography use across adolescence?, Journal of Adolescence — higher religious attendance predicts weaker/lower pornography-use trajectories across adolescence. Backup: see e.g. Perry & Hayward (2017), Social Forces, on the religiosity–pornography link (note: effects are clearest for individual religiosity; conservative community context can run the other way).

Your data: among 1,071,338 respondents, a more repressed upbringing predicts slightly less porn use, controlling for sex and age (slope -0.022 points of porn-frequency per upbringing step, 95% CI [-0.024, -0.019], p<1e-60; raw r = -0.023). The direction matches the literature, and it holds in both sexes (women -0.024, men -0.016). But the effect is trivially small: across the full 6-step range from "highly liberated" to "highly repressed," mean porn-use frequency moves only from ~6.33 to ~6.07 on a 0-9 scale. The gradient is also non-monotonic — the neutral "equal" group sits unusually low (6.15), a midpoint artifact rather than a clean dose-response. So the claim replicates in sign but is far weaker than a "repressive upbringing suppresses porn use" framing implies. Self-report, correlational, cross-sectional; upbringing is a single retrospective item and current religiosity (finding #48) is not controlled here.